1. Syngas Information Syngas (synthesis gas) is a gas mixture produced by gasification of biomass materials. The gas contains varying amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen that can be converted into a gaseous fuel. Syngas Uses Converted to liquid fuels Hydrogen production Synthetic natural gas production Burned in internal combustion engines or turbines to generate electricity John Nowatzki Ag & Biosystems Engineering dept. North Dakota State University John.Nowatzki@ndsu.edu

2. Gasification Advantages More efficient than direct combustion Syngas can be burned directly in engines Can be converted into synthetic liquid fuels Uses variety of materials such as Biomass Organic waste. Produces clean-burning fuels Biomass gasification is carbon neutral Biomass gasification is a renewable energy John Nowatzki Ag & Biosystems Engineering dept. North Dakota State University John.Nowatzki@ndsu.edu

3. Gasification Disadvantages Economics? Biomass materials are often dispersed & difficult to collect Bulky to transport to processing facility. Gasifiers require modification for different biomass materials Gasifiers operate at high temperatures Syngas is best used onsite Can contain materials that condense when cooled John Nowatzki Ag & Biosystems Engineering dept. North Dakota State University John.Nowatzki@ndsu.edu

4. Biomass Gasification I Ton of Grass or Straw ~ 24,583 cu ft of Syngas ~ 120 Gallons of Ethanol ~ 3,000 Miles in a Car! John Nowatzki Ag & Biosystems Engineering dept. North Dakota State University John.Nowatzki@ndsu.edu