1. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 36 Airway Management

2. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Airway The respiratory system The importance of a clear airway –Factors that jeopardize airway patency Upper and lower airways

3. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Question Is the following statement true or false? The upper airway consists of the nose and pharynx.

4. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Answer True. The upper airway consists of the nose and the pharynx, which is subdivided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

5. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Airway and Related Structures

6. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Airway (cont’d) Structures that protect the airway from inhaled substances –Epiglottis –Tracheal cartilage –Mucous membrane –Cilia

7. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Cilia and Mucus-Producing Cells (Refer to Figure 36-2 in the textbook.)

8. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Airway (cont’d) Definition of sputum: Mucus raised to the level of the upper airways

9. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Natural Airway Management Liquefying secretions –Inhalation therapy Mobilizing secretions –Postural drainage –Percussion

10. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Question Is the following statement true or false? Hydration keeps mucous membranes moist and mucus thin.

11. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Answer True. Hydration, the process of providing adequate fluid intake, tends to keep mucous membranes moist and mucus thin.

12. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Aerosol Therapy

13. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Collecting a Sputum Specimen

14. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Lung Segments and Corresponding Postural Drainage Positions

15. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Performing Postural Drainage

16. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Performing Percussion

17. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Natural Airway Management (cont’d) Mobilizing secretions (cont’d) –Vibration Suctioning secretions –Nasopharyngeal suctioning –Nasotracheal suctioning

18. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Question The Yankeur-tip device is used when performing which type of suctioning? a. Nasopharyngeal b. Nasotracheal c. Oropharyngeal d. Oral

19. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Answer d. Oral Nurses perform oral suctioning, which is a removal of secretions from the mouth, using a suctioning device called a Yankeur-tip or tonsil-tip catheter.

20. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Variations in Suction Pressure

21. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Suctioning the Airway (Refer to Skill 36-1 in the textbook.)

22. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Placement of a Nasopharyngeal Tube

23. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Natural Airway Management (cont’d) Suctioning secretions (cont’d) –Oropharyngeal suctioning –Oral suctioning

24. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Yankeur-Tip Suction Device for Oral Suctioning

25. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Artificial Airway Management Oral airway Tracheostomy –Tracheostomy tube –Tracheostomy suctioning –Tracheostomy care

26. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Question Is the following statement true or false? An oral airway is a curved device preventing the tongue from obstructing the upper airway.

27. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Answer True. An oral airway is a curved device that keeps a relaxed tongue positioned forward within the mouth, preventing the tongue from obstructing the upper airway.

28. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins A Cuffed Tracheostomy Tube

29. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Inserting an Oral Airway

30. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Suctioning Through a Tracheostomy Tube (Refer to Figure 36-10 in the textbook.)

31. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Providing Tracheostomy Care (Refer to Skill 36-2 in the textbook.)

32. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Nursing Implications Nursing diagnoses Ineffective Airway Clearance Impaired Gas Exchange Risk for Infection Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation Anxiety Deficient Knowledge

33. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ineffective Airway Clearance

34. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins General Gerontologic Considerations Pathologic pulmonary changes in older adults Age-related changes affecting the older adult’s respiratory system Pneumonia in older adults Cough in older adults

35. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins General Gerontologic Considerations (cont’d) Respiratory secretions in older adults Dysphagia in older adults Cardiac dysrhythmias in older adults