1. Universal system-model of military air vehicle

2. Military air vehicle can be: –fighter, –bomber, –carrier, –exploratory, –helicopter, –UAV, –UCAV, –balloon, –etc. Universal system-model of military air vehicle

3. Military air vehicle fighter, bomber, carrier, reconnaissance, helicopter, UAV, UCAV etc. Universal system-model of military air vehicle

4. Environment of military air vehicle Environment’s subsystems are: Friendly –surface and air command system, –surface and space navigation system, –primary and secondary radar system, –air traffic control system (ATC), –collision avoidance system (CAS), –IFF system, –landing system, –surface and air logistics system, –etc.

5. Requirement –flight mission Conditions –information Influences –command –navigation Resources –fuel In details: inputs from friendly environment

6. Environment of military air vehicle Environment’s subsystems are: Enemy –air defense system surveillance radar system, electronic reconnaissance fighter system, SAM systems, electronic countermeasure system, camouflage system, etc. –terrorism ground terrorists, air board terrorists., electronic terrorists, etc.

7. Conditions –camouflage of possible targets against visual and electronic reconnaissance Influences –destroy or neutralizing of air vehicles by air defense or terrorist system –jamming communication and navigation systems –hijacking In details: inputs from enemy environment

8. Environment of military air vehicle Environment’s subsystems are: Neutral –geographical, –astronomical, –political, –climatic, –meteorological, –daytime, –air traffic, –etc.

9. Conditions –geographical, –astronomical, –climatic, –weather, –daytime, –etc. Influences –air traffic, –sea storm, –desert storm, –etc. In details: inputs from neutral environment

10. Purpose Military air vehicle Environment Environment of military system Friendly Neutral Enemy command, navigation, radar, ATC, IFF, CAS, landing, logistics systems, etc. geographical, astronomical, political, meteorological, daytime, etc. air defense, terrorism

11. Purpose of military air vehicle Main output of air vehicle are attributes and capabilities for performance of air mission. Also outputs are the self- emitted, echo and response signals, reactions by influences from environment and losses. Purpose of military air vehicle can be determinated by its environment: –Survival –Result

12. Determined by friendly environment result can be: –transfer people, armament, military tools and materials by landing or parachute, –transfer optical and/or electronic tools over determined territory for reconnaissance, –transfer bombs, missiles, torpedo, mines and/or guns for strikes against ground targets by remote control or for self-direction, –reconnaissance, capture, diversion or kill enemy air targets, –air exploration and save people –etc. Main result of military air vehicle must be determined by friendly environment

13. Determined by neutral environment result can be : –surviving a desert storm, –surviving a snow storm, –surviving a sea storm, –surviving a hurricane, –etc. … but purpose can be determinated also by neutral environment

14. Determined by enemy environment result can be: –self-defense, –camouflage, –counter-countermeasure, –retreat, –etc. … also purpose can be determinated by enemy environment

15. Purpose Military air vehicle Environment Purpose of military air vehicle Survival Result Camouflage, self-defense, retreat, etc. Surviving of weather storm, etc. Friendly Neutral Enemy Losses Air transfer, reconnaissance, strikes, exploration, saving, etc.

16. Friendly Neutral Enemy Purpose Military air vehicle Environment Organization Human Technology Survival Result Subsystems of military air vehicle

17. Purpose Military air vehicle Environment Survival Result Friendly Neutral Enemy Technology Human Organization Universal system-model of unmanned military air vehicle

18. Purpose Environment Survival Result Friendly Neutral Enemy Technology Computer Organization Human Military UAV Universal system-model of unmanned military air vehicle

19. construction and flight characteristics of hull and engine, instrumentation, testing tools of air-board system, armaments, air-board and ground service systems, ATC, CAS, IFF, navigation and landing systems, security system, command-control systems, tools and properties which helps detection for friends, tools and properties which blocks detection for enemy, tools and systems which provide execution of main mission, service systems for before- and after-flight tests, etc. In details: technology subsystem

20. air and ground personal training, previous and direct preparation of flight mission, ground and air fuel supply, take-off and landing on own or alien aerodrome, reconnaissance air and ground target, execution of typical air missions, avoidance typical emergency situation, blocking of enemy reconnaissance, etc. In details: organization subsystem

21. skills of air-board and ground personnel, physical and psychical condition of air- board personnel, antiterrorist readiness of air-board and ground personnel, etc. In details: human subsystem

22. Ultimate conclusion Success or failure of a new military technology depends on that, how developer takes other system’s elements or system’s environment and purposes into consideration

23. Dr. György Seres drseres@jata.org http://www.jata.org/drseres/