1. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 FAC: XTOD Beam Transport X-ray Slit and Tunnel Design Pat Duffy, Kirby Fong, Keith Kishiyama, Steve Lewis, Stewart Shen, Pete Tirapelle, John Trent, Louann Tung April 20, 2006 This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48.

2. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 XVTS Overall Layout FEENEH FEH Tunnel

3. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Front End Enclosure (FEE) Configuration Fast Valve X-ray Slit Ion Chamber Attenuator Fixed Mask Diagnostics Offset Mirrors

4. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 X-ray Slit Key Requirements Defines precision aperture of x-ray laser Able to choose any rectangular area inside clear aperture of fixed mask (45 x 15 mm) Attenuate spontaneous radiation energy 1000 times Compatible with high vacuum environment Opens to clear aperture for diagnostics Resistant to damage by FEL

5. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 X-ray Slits Concept Fixed Mask Aperture Slit Block

6. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Slit Block Concept Single block larger than entire aperture of Fixed Mask 70 mm thick block 50 mm Heavy Met Tungsten Alloy Great attenuation 20 mm Boron Carbide Great damage resistance Boron Carbide Heavy Met Radiation Cutting Face

7. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 X-ray Slit Concept Vertical Slit Horizontal Slit Stand Linear Stage Size (in): 28.62 long (Z) 54.45 wide 81.22 high

8. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Slit Block Support and Cooling Slit block can be water cooled or air cooled Six DOF adjustment for each slit block: 3 struts, 3 push-pull screw pairs Bellows isolate block assemblies from vacuum vessel Design features borrowed from SSRL Slit Block Bellows Strut Water Cooling

9. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 X-ray Slits Features Slits close to zero aperture, open beyond clear aperture of fixed mask Slits allow extremely little radiation past that will stop in scintillator Blocks align to beam direction manually Negative rake on slit blocks (~3 mrad) Set using alignment features external to vacuum Blocks are offset in Z – they can’t touch Compatible with UHV

10. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Slit Pair Remote Motions Each slit block pair has adjustable degree of freedom Aperture width – linear stage adjustment Aperture center – linear stage adjustment Linear motion specs based on IDC DS4 stage: 50 or 100 mm travel, 1.3  m repeatability 200 lb axial load capacity – 100 lb axial load

11. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Slit Block Assembly Thermal Model – Water Cooling Heat in: internally generated 1 W input from spontaneous radiation Conduct heat through block, interface, and end of Glidcop support rod Heat out: remove by forced convection with water Steady state model Q in Q cond Q conv Q out

12. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Thermal Model Results – Water Cooling Slit block is 1.2 C hotter than cooling water Rod in contact with water is 0.1 C hotter than cooling water Total expansion is 0.6 micron due to heating from radiation Slit block expands 0.5 micron Support rod expands 0.1 micron

13. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Thermal Model Results – Air Cooling Slit block is 6 C hotter than ambient Rod in contact with air is 5 C hotter than ambient air Total expansion is 4 micron due to heating from radiation Slit block expands 1.4 micron Support rod end expands 2.5 micron

14. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Stability Stability is based on temperature variation Room temperature effects stand Incident power effects slit block assembly PRD gives diurnal room temperature variation of +/- 1 C 1.4 m tall steel stand moves 16.4 microns Incident power adds 0.3  m for water cooling or 2  m for forced air cooling (plus/minus)

15. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Predicted Stability and Repeatability Predicted Long-term Stability: 17  m (Water), 18.5  m (Air) Repeatability: 18  m (Water), 19.5  m (Air) Predicted Short-term Stability: 2  m (Water), 3.6  m (Air) Repeatability: 3.3  m (Water), 4.9  m (Air) Recommend forced air cooling for simplicity

16. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Vacuum Ion pump under fixed mask – pumps Fast Valve, Fixed Mask, and X-ray Slit Single pump is more efficient design Good conductance 2.7m long section 4 in tube or larger Gate Valve X-ray Slit Fixed Mask Fast Valve Ion Pump

17. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Slit Block First Article The is some risk is in the manufacture of the slit blocks themselves Bonding of Boron Carbide to Heavy Met Time to produce and yield Step 1: Use bonding coupons to prove bonding process – coupons are on order Step 2: Make slit block pair this FY to lessen risk and shorten production time First article to be used in final assembly

18. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Attenuation Simulation – It will work! After Fixed Mask After Slit at Direct Imager With slit closed, nothing stops in scintillator plate – full distribution In fully closed slit simulation – 100,000,000 high energy (1.2 MeV+) photons to slit, 17,260 after slit, zero stopped in scintillator of DI

19. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 X-ray Slit Schedule Summary System Concept Review 1 – 3/1/06 System Concept Review 2 – April ‘06 Preliminary Design Review – July ‘06 Final Design Review – September ‘06 X-ray Slit Available at SLAC – June ‘07

20. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 X-ray Tunnel

21. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Key Tunnel Design Requirements Provides environment to transport x-ray laser Average vacuum < 1 E-5 Torr Does not obstruct FEL Ion pumps to last 10 years Meets SLAC Seismic Design Standard Aligns to laser beam-line Vertical and lateral adjustments, at a minimum

22. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Typical Section of Tunnel Beamline Bellows Pump Stand with Gate Valve Beam Tube, 4” OD, 10.5 foot sections Tube Support Stand Pump Stand w/ Ion Pump Bellows

23. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Pump Stand Stand is designed to support ion or turbo pump, a gate valve, and load from beam-line tubing Top of stand will include features for 5 DOF adjustment (no beamline) Defined lift points – Four threaded holes for swivel lifting eyes Aligned using clamp-on fixture Ion Pump Pump Cross Stand

24. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Tube Support Stand Constrains vertical and lateral motion 5 DOF adjustment (no beamline) Clamps to tube - beamline adjustment is not required Aligned using clamp-on fixture Adjustments Beamline Clamp

25. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Stress from 2” wide Tube Clamp is Acceptable Maximum stress: 11200 psi 3600 lb. load from 2 in. clamp using ¼” bolts Vacuum contributes 350 psi stress (included)

26. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Structural Engineering Inputs Pump spacing Yields stand spacing of approx. 60 ft. Sections isolated by bellows Component weights Ion pumps, tubing, gate valves, etc. Accelerations due to seismic loading From SLAC Seismic Design Specification 1.6g’s horizontal,1.35 g’s vertical - 2% damping, 17 Hz Horizontal acceleration applied in worst case direction – beamline for pump stand, lateral for tube support

27. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Output of Seismic FEA – Pump Stand Maximum deflections: 0.000” Beamline 0.010” Lateral 0.000” Vertical Formed bellows allow 0.25” lateral offset Maximum stress: 18% of allowable stress in 3/4” threaded supports Per AISC LRFD First mode 31 Hz Load applied in lateral and vertical directions

28. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Output of Seismic FEA – Tube Support Maximum deflections: 0.000” Beamline 0.045” Lateral 0.012” Vertical Load applied in lateral and vertical directions Maximum stresses: 13% of allowable stress in Tube Supports Per AISC LRFD First mode 16 Hz

29. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 50100150200 Z,meters 0.8 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.4 Pressure, 10 -6 Torr Pressure Profile with 6-75 L/s Ion Pumps at 100 hrs For SnomimalTotal = 450 L/s, SnetTotal = 327 L/s Theory: P=Q/S = 4.1 x10 -7 Torr. The best that can be achieved. Code: Pavg = 8.4 x10 -7 Torr. So our design is efficient! Peaks well within design at 3 x 10 -6 Life should exceed 9 yrs here 9 yr life at this pump pressure

30. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Pressure profile and time response with 4 th pump failed Pmax = 3.4 x 10 -6 Torr Pmin = 3.4 x 10 -7 Torr P(4 th pump) goes from 3.4 x 10 -7 to 3.4 x 10 -6 Torr within 2 minutes Pressure, 10 -6 Torr 1 2 3 0.5 1 2 0.2 Pressure, 10 -6 Torr seconds 010100200300 2 min Even with one failed pump, peak pressure is below 6x10 -6 and pump pressures are safely in the -7 range 50100150200 Z

31. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 100100010000100000. Vacuum model provides 100 hr history of pressure at any location 100 hrs311 Scroll Turbo Ion Pressure, Torr Time, sec 100 1 10 -2 10 -4 10 -6 10 -8

32. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Scroll Turbo Ion 100100010000 seconds hrs1.51 Normal pumpdowns will be much faster than 100 hrs Most optimistic rate of constant 10 -10 Torr-lit/sec/cm 2 is assumed Pressure, Torr 100 10 -2 10 -4 10 -6 1 600 DS would rough in 30 min vs. 60 min for the 300DS  = Volume/Speed

33. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 Ethernet IOC Gauge ControllerIon Pump Controller Vacuum set points and alarms Tunnel Gate Valves Ion Pump Pirani, CCG Gate Valve I/O Ethernet Interface 1756 ENET 1794 AENT Flex I/O EtherNet/IP Scroll Pump Scroll pump control Vacuum Interlocks Serial interface OPI PC/Linux ControlLogix RS-232 Magnetic Starter LCLS XTOD Vacuum System Controls Block Diagram PC/Windows RSLogix software OPI PC/Linux

34. John Trent trent2@llnl.gov April 20, 2006 UCRL-PRES-218897 X-ray Tunnel Schedule Summary Preliminary Design Review – Complete Seismic Safety Document – In Review Final Design Review – May ‘06 Equipment Available at SLAC – July ‘07