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Job Analysis SOC325 Behavior at Work Feb 4, 2002 Spector, Ch 3
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2002/2/4J. Kwong2 What did you find about a lecturer? Tasks / duties Personal attributes
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2002/2/4J. Kwong3 Two major approaches Job-oriented JA What people do on a job? List of tasks performed (may be further broken down into different level of specificity) Person-oriented JA What kind of a person is needed to do the job? Personal attributes and characteristics required to successfully perform the job Knowledge, skill, ability, other personal characteristics (KSAOs)
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2002/2/4J. Kwong4 Sources of JA information Who gives the info? Incumbent / Supervisor Best as SME - people with extensive knowledge about the content and requirements of the job. Job analyst / Trained observers How to collect the info? Perform the job / work participation Administer questionnaires
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2002/2/4J. Kwong5 Job Analysis Instruments Job-oriented JA e.g., Functional Job Analysis Job + Person-oriented JA e.g., Position Analysis Questionnaire, Occupational Information Network O*NET
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2002/2/4J. Kwong6 Job-oriented: FJA 3 dimension that are applicable to all jobs Describes the job`s typical interaction with People: amount of contact with others, eg., Data: dealing with numbers, words, symbols, any info, e.g., Things: Animate (e.g., animals) or inanimate (e.g., tools, machines) PDT each is given a score to indicate its level of complexity (range from high to low)
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2002/2/4J. Kwong7 Data, People, Things 0 Synthesizing0 Mentoring0 Setting Up 1 Coordinating1 Negotiating1 Precision Working 2 Analyzing2 Instructing2 Operating-Controlling 3 Compiling3 Supervising3 Driving-Operating 4 Computing4 Diverting4 Manipulating 5 Copying5 Persuading5 Tending 6 Comparing6 Speaking-6 Feeding- Signaling Offbearing 7 Serving7 Handling 8 Taking Instructions- Helping
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2002/2/4J. Kwong8 Over 40,000 different jobs have been analyzed by FJA Included in the comprehensive job classification guide DOT - Dictionary of Occupational Titles Part of the occupational titles http://www.oalj.dol.gov/public/dot/refrnc/dot parts.htm http://www.oalj.dol.gov/public/dot/refrnc/dot parts.htm Job-oriented: FJA
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2002/2/4J. Kwong9 Job+Person-oriented: PAQ A structured questionnaire (189 items) that analyzes jobs in terms of 6 categories: information input: how does employee get information, read, hear,... mental processes (mediation processes): what to do with information, decision making activities and info processing requirement work output: what to do physically relationship with other persons (interpersonal activities): interact with other people job context: physically challenging conditions other job characteristics: work schedule, fixed, variable
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2002/2/4J. Kwong10 Job+Person-oriented: PAQ SME fills in the PAQ Score the items Generate a profile of the task elements Translate the elements into KSAOs Each elements in the categories can be translated into KSAOs for any job e.g., Involves using mathematics or numeric input - require numeric skill
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2002/2/4J. Kwong11 Job+Person-oriented: O*NET O*NET, the Occupational Information Network, is a comprehensive database of worker attributes and job characteristics. It is the replacement for the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT). DOT is in the process of being replaced by O*NET. O*NET can be found at http://www.doleta.gov/programs/onet/ http://www.doleta.gov/programs/onet/
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2002/2/4J. Kwong12 Job evaluation Spector, p.66-67 Link the wages to the KSAOs needed for a job Point method - to determine the pay levels of job by estimating their comparative worth Compensable factors education required consequences of error on the job Sum up the points for all factors
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2002/2/4J. Kwong13 Uses of Job Analysis Job Analysis Job Evaluation Criterion Development Job Description Pay Performance Appraisal Career development/Training Employee Selection
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2002/2/4J. Kwong14 JA - Front desk manager Task / duties Motivate and lead subordinate Planning and organizing Handle complaints KSAOs?
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