1. Tutoring session techniques adapted for classroom use Diane Gruenberg, Tutoring Center & Writer’s Place dgruen@tcnj.eduext. 3000 dgruen@tcnj.edu

2. From High School to TCNJ Building a Writing Bridge in FSP “How can I tell what I think until I see what I say?” E.M. Forster, Aspects of the Novel, 1927 “… the standard of ‘knowing’ is the ‘ability to explain to others’ not ‘understanding when explained by others.’ Require students to articulate what they know in writing or orally, thereby making what they know and don’t know explicit, and therefore easier to evaluate, and easier to build on or revise.” Willingham, Daniel T. “Why Students Think They Understand—When They Don’t.” 2004 Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development & More Knowledgeable Other http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Vygotsky%27s_c onstructivism http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Vygotsky%27s_c onstructivism

3. Beginning of session/class writing What is a key point from reading? What did you did interesting in the reading? What question(s) do you have about reading? What ideas concluded previous session? Summarize key concepts/issues, techniques, discoveries.

4. Peer Reviewers are Writing Partners: Responding as readers Noticing characteristics of text SPECIFIC, VERIFIABLE Not interpreting, judging, suggesting

5. Writing Partner-Peer Reviewer Lines Your draft is interesting, especially the point about…. I’d like to know more about….. I’m confused here….. I don’t follow how you got from here the there…. If we were just chatting over coffee, what would you want me to know about…..?

6. Mid-session/class writing What is one question you have now? What is one thought you want to share now? What is an interesting (or important) idea you gained from discussion so far? Write a conclusion/principle we’ve covered so far in your own words. What do you think comes next?

7. Summary of Peer Review Strategies “Minute Around” Read Aloud Think, write, share Let’s put the draft aside and talk about your ideas. If we were chatting over coffee……? If I asked you to say in 2-3 sentences what you want me to understand, what would that be?

8. End of session/class writing What is an interesting/important concept, issue, technique, discovery you learned? What questions do you have? What conclusions can you draw? What did session add to your understanding of the course/discipline? What did you learn today that you think might on the mid-term or final (or might be useful)? Were your goals met? What’s next?