1. 212 Ketter Hall, North Campus, Buffalo, NY 14260 www.civil.buffalo.edu Fax: 716 645 3733 Tel: 716 645 2114 x 2400 Structural Control through Base Isolation Andrei M Reinhorn Professor of Structural Engineering

2. Modern Methods in Earthquake and Vibration Mitigation

3. Elastomeric / Natural Rubber Isolators

4. Spectral Response Target Period 2-3sec

5. Spectral Response

6. Site Effects on Spectral Response

8. Steel-Laminated Elastomeric Bearings Curtesy Scougal Rubber, Seattle, WA

9. Deformed Seismic High Damping Rubber Bearing

10. Lead Rubber Bearing

11. Whitestone Bridge - Rubber Bearings

12. Friction Pendulum System

15. Liquid Natural Gas (LNG)Tanks Friction Pendulum System 212 Isolators -20 o C - 30 o C 1000 tons capacity 5% friction +/-30 cm lateral movement period of 2.75 sec

16. Hayward City Hall, CA 53 FPS 15 Taylor Fluid Dampers Period 3.0 sec 3.5% Friction +/-28 cm movement 900 tons capacity

17. 22 FPS 5 sec period +/- 1.30 m movement 2200 tons capacity R=6.2m

18. San Francisco Airport International Terminal 267 FPS 3 sec period +/- 60 cm movement 3000 tons capacity

19. Court of Appeals San Francisco CA Building Retrofitted with 256 Isolators of type Friction Pendulum System

20. Historic Monument Suffered Damage in 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake

21. Installation of FPS Construction of Side Beams Cutting hole for jacks and column removal

22. Installation of damper Damper in place and grouted to receive load Cutting the wall along the building

23. Court of Appeals- Retrofit of Interior Walls Protected During Construction Interior After Retrofit

24. Ball-in-Cone Isolator - Tekton Dev., Arizona

25. Wire Rope Isolators

26. Elastomeric Bearing Models 2R t

27. Elastomeric Bearings Properties Horizontal Stiffness Vertical Stiffness t r = net rubber thickness A t Circular Bearing Square Pad Holed Circular Pad for strip for circular for square

28. Elastomeric Bearings Properties Moment Capacity of Circular Pad Effective Stiffness for Square Pad Effective Stiffness for Holed Pad Effective shear strain Effective Stiffness for Circular Pad (EI) eff = E c  R 4 /12

29. Modified Stiffness- Modified Stiffness for Large S Modified Stiffness for Very Large S For Circular Pad - Small S For Circular Pad Large S K - bulk modulus of material

30. Lead Rubber Bearings

31. Friction Pendulum System D WW Force Resistance Horizontal Stiffness Effective Stiffness Basic Period

32. Friction Pendulum System D WW

33. Design Procedure

43. Design Example

48. D

49. Design Analysis 3D-Basis-Tabs series of computer programs available Report 95-0011 * and Program http://civil.eng.buffalo.edu/israeli_engineers SAP2000 available from Computers and Structures, Berkeley, CA IDARC-BRIDGE from University at Buffalo /MCEER Report #98-0011* and Program http://civil.eng.buffalo.edu/idarc-bridge/ (program requires SUN / UNIX computer) * Reports can be obtained from MCEER / University at Buffalo Publications department

50. 212 Ketter Hall, North Campus, Buffalo, NY 14260 www.civil.buffalo.edu Fax: 716 645 3733 Tel: 716 645 2114 x 2400 THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION