2. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY - an ideal tool for Diagnosis & Drug Design B. HASEENA BANU Asst.Professor,SriPadmavathi School of Pharmacy,Tiruchanoor,Tirupati More free powerpoints at http://www.worldofteaching.comhttp://www.worldofteaching.com

3. CONTENTS  INTRODUCTION  BASIC PRINCIPLE  DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES  APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE  CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS  DRUG DEVELOPMENT  NMR Nobel prize laureates

4. INTRODUCTION BASIC PRINCIPLE IN NMR BASIC PRINCIPLE IN NMR Atomic nuclei – tiny magnets Atomic nuclei – tiny magnets In external magnetic field - allign or oppose In external magnetic field - allign or oppose If irradiated with EMR of proper frequency – Resonance If irradiated with EMR of proper frequency – Resonance √ α β o PARAMETERS  Chemical shifts  Spin lattice relaxation time

5. DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES Based on nuclei Based on nuclei H 1 NMR H 1 NMR C 13 NMR C 13 NMR F 13 NMR & P 31 NMR F 13 NMR & P 31 NMR N 15 NMR & O 17 NMR N 15 NMR & O 17 NMR  CWNMR  FTNMR  2D_NMR &3D_NMR  COSY _CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY  MRI_MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING  ESR_ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

6. APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE  CLINICAL APPLICATION OF PROTON IMAGING IN DIAGNOSIS BRAIN  Distinguishing gray matter & white matter  Imaging posterior fossae, brain stem, spinal cord  Detect demyelinating lesions, tumors, hemorrhages, infarctions

7. ABDOMEN o Metabolic liver disease o Measures liver iron over load in hemochromatosis o Focal areas of inflammation in chronic active hepatisis KIDNEYS o Distinguishing renal cortex & medulla o To evaluate transplanted kidney PELVIS o Differentiates between Benign prostatic hyperplasia & prostatic carcinoma o Detects bladder tumours

8. MEDIASTINUM, HILUM, LUNG o Assessing abnormalities o Respiratory gating HEART o Tomographic images of heart muscle, chambers, valvular structures o ECHO-PLANAR TECHNIQUE o Discrimination between infarcted, ischemic & normal myocardium BREAST o 3D-NMR & single-slice planar imaging in detecting breast abnormalities

9. MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM  Demonstrates Osteo myelitis, tumor metastasis in vertebral bodies & pelvic bones  Images of muscles, tendons, ligaments BLOOD VESSELS & FLOW  Atherosclerotic vascular disease  Assess blood flow in major vessels. INVIVO SPECTROSCOPY Chemical shift phenomenon Chemical shift phenomenon Diagnosis of rare disease to inborn errors- Mc Ardle’s syndrome Diagnosis of rare disease to inborn errors- Mc Ardle’s syndrome INVIVO Analysis of Bone flouride content. INVIVO Analysis of Bone flouride content.

10. PUTTING NMR IMAGING INTO PERSPECTIVE  Eliminates risk of x-radiation  Excellent spatial & contrast resolution  Detecting diseases at earlier stages

11. NMR IN PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH  Leading technology for 3-D structure determination of bio-macromolecules  Studying protein structure  SAR by NMR – Novel lead compounds  Chemical shift mapping – Structural information on the binding modes and site positions  Molecular dynamics, conformational analysis  SHAPES  NMR – SOLVE

12. Structural genomics  Identifying gene products in disease  Targets of drug design. Development of Novel drug delivery systems Enhancing HTS assays  Thousands of compounds  Cryogenic NMR technology / cryoprobes

13. NMR Nobel Prize Laureates The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943, Ohostern, USA – Discovery of magnetic moment of proton The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943, Ohostern, USA – Discovery of magnetic moment of proton The Nobel Prizein Physics 1952- IsidorJ. Rafi,USA – Discovery of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision The Nobel Prizein Physics 1952- IsidorJ. Rafi,USA – Discovery of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 – Felix Bloch, USA and Edward M. Purcell, USA – Methodology of high resolution NMR. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 – Felix Bloch, USA and Edward M. Purcell, USA – Methodology of high resolution NMR. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 – Kurt Wuthrich, Switzerland – Determining 3-D Structure by NMR. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 – Kurt Wuthrich, Switzerland – Determining 3-D Structure by NMR. The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2003 – Paul C. Lauterbur, USA and Peter Mans field, U.K. – Discoveries concerning MRI. The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2003 – Paul C. Lauterbur, USA and Peter Mans field, U.K. – Discoveries concerning MRI.

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