1. Dynamical Implications Juri Toomre, JILA Helioseis: Deborah Haber, Brad Hindman + Rick Bogart, Douglas Gough, Frank Hill, Jesper Schou, Mike Thompson Dynamics: Nic Brummell, Sacha Brun, Marc DeRosa, Mark Miesch

2. Just what is inside a star ? Arnaldo ArnaldoPOMODORO

3. Objective 1: CZ dynamics & solar dynamo A. Structure and dynamics of tachoclineA. Structure and dynamics of tachocline B. Variations in differential rotationB. Variations in differential rotation C. Evolution in meridional circulationC. Evolution in meridional circulation D. Dynamics in near-surface shear layerD. Dynamics in near-surface shear layer Objective 2: Evolution of complexes of activity

4. Mean Angular Velocity Profiles TACHOCLINE NEAR-SURFACE SHEAR LAYER CZ BOTTOM HMI-land

5. Theoretical Solar Cycle PHOTOSPHERE CONVECTION ZONE ZONE TACHOCLINE RADIATIVE RADIATIVE INTERIOR INTERIOR LOCAL LOCALDYNAMO GLOBAL GLOBALDYNAMO BUOYANCY PUMPING EMERGING LOOP LOOP ROTATION ROTATION

6. Evolution in Radial Velocity (0.96 R) VIEWED IN VIEWED IN`CARRINGTON’ FRAME FRAME Case E Case E Brun, Miesch & Toomre & Toomre NEAR TOP OF LAYER

7. Global View of Radial Velocity

8. But can we detect such giant cells by helioseismic observation?

9. Giant cells: complex evolving structures

10. Propagating and evolving velocity patterns Time-longitude map (relative to Carrington) at 20 degrees north +5d+10d

11. Big Questions: Global-Scale Convection Why no clear or direct detectionWhy no clear or direct detection of giant convection cells? Does intense near-surface turbulenceDoes intense near-surface turbulence of granulation and supergranulation yield transport barrier to deflect such flows? May simply be very tough to detectMay simply be very tough to detect since narrow downflows but wide cell scales, and they both evolve and propagate

12. Ring Analyses: Two Successive Rotations 7 Mm 1997 CR CR1923 1922

13. Changing Meridional Circulation Cells 2000 1999 1998 NORTH:DOUBLECELL NORTHSOUTH 2001 SOUTH:SINGLECELL POLEWARD FLOW NEAR SURFACE REVERSEDFLOW AT DEPTH 1997 1996 Haber et al (2002) (2002)

14. SSW Evolution Near Active Complexes

15. High-Resolution Ring Analysis

16. Evolution in Doppler Correlation Tracking Lisle, DeRosa Lisle, DeRosa

17. Analysis Strategy Devise some combination of local-domain helioseismic probings to provide:Devise some combination of local-domain helioseismic probings to provide: Nearly soon(real)-time, continuous subsurface flow mappings in upper 20+ Mm -- fast analysis pipesNearly soon(real)-time, continuous subsurface flow mappings in upper 20+ Mm -- fast analysis pipes

18. Our thrusts with rings (and time-distance) Re-evaluate ALL elementsRe-evaluate ALL elements in current ring procedures: mappings, ridge or ring fits, varying resolution across disk, line asymmetries vs varying background … Devise multi-scale tiling analysesDevise multi-scale tiling analyses, and build mature 3-D inversions for flow fields Test all with high-resolution MDITest all with high-resolution MDI Doppler data to verify procedures and codes