1. DNA Lithography Alex Buzduga & Matt Mosteller

2. Context: DNA Replication DNA is formed by two complementary strands, twisted in a helix To replicate, DNA separates the two strands Using enzymes, each strand creates its complement from scratch Two strands identical to the original are created

3. How DNA lithography works: Uses genetically engineered strands of DNA from algae or other simple organisms These strands form very specific patterns by copying themselves onto substrate, based on the genes encoded in them Strands that attached to the substrate are then coated with semiconductors or metals through a chemical process A multitude of transistors is created in a step

4. Overview of process

5. Advantages of DNA Lithography High resolution: smallest feature size as low as 6nm Low manufacturing costs once the set-up is present Rapid manufacturing time Ease of integration and array construction

6. Disadvantages of DNA Lithography Still a growing field, limited by current genetic engineering techniques 10 years until large scale production is possible Long process to create new patterns High start-up/research costs

7. Comparison with other Lithography methods

8. Applications All VLSI applications Nanoscale transistors/circuitry Arrays of nanostructures – Carbon nanotubes, quantum dots (array of atoms where the removal of an electron would change the properties)