1. Modeling All the Way Up… Modeling All the Way Down

2. People Share Design with Models Models—abstractions—are ancient in Models—abstractions—are ancient in Engineering Engineering Architecture Architecture Ship-building Ship-building Traffic control Traffic control Workflow Workflow Maintenance Maintenance …

3. People Talk to Computers with Symbols while (x < 10) { printf (stdout, array[x]); x++;} What’s wrong with this (non)-picture? Let’s look at Enterprise IT as an example.

4. Enterprise IT Must Deal With Business Factors: Defining & meeting changing business requirements Complex & changing business processes Shifting enterprise/application boundaries Semantic integration with customers, supplies & partners Technological Factors: Barriers to interoperability & integration Development & maintenance obstacles Evolving & unstable technology suites

5. What is the real integration issue? The Global Information Appliance

6. Not too bad for electrical power

7. …but a mess for telephony!

8. Heterogeneity is Permanent Programming languages Programming languages ~3 million COBOL programmers ~3 million COBOL programmers ~1.6 million VB programmers ~1.6 million VB programmers ~1.1 million C/C++ programmers ~1.1 million C/C++ programmers Operating systems Operating systems Unix, MVS, VMS, MacOS, Windows (all 8!), PalmOS… Unix, MVS, VMS, MacOS, Windows (all 8!), PalmOS… Windows 3.1: it’s still out there! Windows 3.1: it’s still out there! Embedded devices (mobile, set-top, etc.) Embedded devices (mobile, set-top, etc.) Networks Networks Ethernet, ATM, IP, SS7, Firewire, USB Ethernet, ATM, IP, SS7, Firewire, USB Bluetooth, 802.11b, HomeRF Bluetooth, 802.11b, HomeRF

9. The integration picture is always changing Executive decisions, mergers & acquisitions have a way of surprising us…

10. Roadkill on the Info Highway …and doing things “the way we always do them” isn’t the answer.

11. How Can We Deal with This? Make adaptability the design center for your architecture.

12. Modeling is the Focus Modeling, especially graphical modeling is Modeling, especially graphical modeling is A natural human approach to design A natural human approach to design Thousands of years old Thousands of years old Allows expression of design separate from implementation, as implementations change Allows expression of design separate from implementation, as implementations change Allows for long-term maintenance & integration Allows for long-term maintenance & integration Is an accelerator of implementation Is an accelerator of implementation Is technology-independent Is technology-independent 18 th century B.C. multiplication table

13. OMG’s Mission Since 1989 Develop an architecture, using appropriate technology, for modeling & distributed application integration, guaranteeing: Develop an architecture, using appropriate technology, for modeling & distributed application integration, guaranteeing: reusability of components reusability of components interoperability & portability interoperability & portability basis in commercially available software basis in commercially available software Specifications freely available Specifications freely available Implementations exist Implementations exist Member-controlled not-for-profit Member-controlled not-for-profit

14. Who Are OMG? Adaptive BEA Borland Boeing Business Rules Group Business Semantics CA Citigroup DaimlerChrysler EDS Fair, Isaac Fujitsu General Electric Hewlett Packard Hitachi IBM ILOG Inferware IONA Kennedy Carter Kaiser Permanente MEGA International MITRE NASA NEC NIST NTT DoCoMo Northrop Grumman OASIS Oracle PRISM SAP SAS Institute Select Siemens Softeam Sun Unisys Visa W3C

15. OMG’s Best-Known Successes Common Object Request Broker Architecture Common Object Request Broker Architecture CORBA® remains the only language- and platform-neutral interoperability standard CORBA® remains the only language- and platform-neutral interoperability standard Unified Modeling Language Unified Modeling Language UML TM remains the world’s only standardized modeling language UML TM remains the world’s only standardized modeling language Common Warehouse Metamodel Common Warehouse Metamodel CWM TM, the integration of the last two data warehousing initiatives CWM TM, the integration of the last two data warehousing initiatives Meta-Object Facility Meta-Object Facility MOF TM, the repository standard MOF TM, the repository standard XML Metadata Interchange XML Metadata Interchange XMI TM, the XML-UML standard XMI TM, the XML-UML standard

16. Protecting Software Investment The problem remains The problem remains Tracking the next best thing, retaining staff; Tracking the next best thing, retaining staff; Protecting your investment in existing software base; Protecting your investment in existing software base; Integrating what you’ve built, Integrating what you’ve built, With what you’re building, With what you’re building, With what you will build! With what you will build! Architectures ought to be Architectures ought to be Stable descriptions lasting decades Stable descriptions lasting decades Capable of communicating the designers’ vision Capable of communicating the designers’ vision Testable, simulatable, executable Testable, simulatable, executable

17. The Model Driven Architecture OMG’s Model Driven Architecture (MDA TM ) initiative is aimed precisely at this problem OMG’s Model Driven Architecture (MDA TM ) initiative is aimed precisely at this problem You have an opportunity to increase your bottom line by integrating your assets You have an opportunity to increase your bottom line by integrating your assets Industry standards support that goal by future-proofing your application design Industry standards support that goal by future-proofing your application design The MDA will help you integrate the mix you have today, and give you an architecture to support the unexpected The MDA will help you integrate the mix you have today, and give you an architecture to support the unexpected Focus on integrating legacy applications Focus on integrating legacy applications Ensure smooth integration of COTS applications Ensure smooth integration of COTS applications Models are testable and simulatable Models are testable and simulatable The aim: a 20-year software architecture The aim: a 20-year software architecture

18. What is Model Driven Architecture? A Better Way to Specify and Design & Develop A Better Way to Specify and Design & Develop Based on modeling standards like UML, MOF Based on modeling standards like UML, MOF Is extensible to all modeling problems Is extensible to all modeling problems Supports full lifecycle: analysis, design, implementation, deployment, maintenance, evolution & integration with later systems Supports full lifecycle: analysis, design, implementation, deployment, maintenance, evolution & integration with later systems Builds in Interoperability and Portability Builds in Interoperability and Portability Lowers initial cost and maximizes ROI Lowers initial cost and maximizes ROI

19. Modeling: Key Concepts Emphasis on transformation techniques Emphasis on transformation techniques Based on a standard metamodeling framework; there will be many metamodels, and plenty of modeling languages (including UML) Based on a standard metamodeling framework; there will be many metamodels, and plenty of modeling languages (including UML) Clear semantics, expressed consistently Clear semantics, expressed consistently Potentially many levels of abstraction Potentially many levels of abstraction Enduring architectures are the focus Enduring architectures are the focus Maintenance and integration aren’t pretty, but they are the main job of IT Maintenance and integration aren’t pretty, but they are the main job of IT Graphical languages as well as textual ones Graphical languages as well as textual ones Some generic, some domain-specific, just like the textual language world Some generic, some domain-specific, just like the textual language world

20. Model Driven Architecture

21. Leveraging UML is Critical The Unified Modeling Language is the successor to the dozens of OO A&D notations of the early ’90s The Unified Modeling Language is the successor to the dozens of OO A&D notations of the early ’90s Result of an OMG standardization completed in ’97 Result of an OMG standardization completed in ’97 Complemented with metadata (MOF) and XML interoperability specifications (XMI) Complemented with metadata (MOF) and XML interoperability specifications (XMI) Venture-neutral worldwide certification easily available Venture-neutral worldwide certification easily available Standardization primed the market Standardization primed the market Hundreds of books Hundreds of books Dozens of commercial tools Dozens of commercial tools Widely available training Widely available training Supported by an open process Supported by an open process UML 2.0 updates came from 54 companies UML 2.0 updates came from 54 companies

22. Generating Implementations MDA Tool generates all or most of the implementation code for deployment technology selected by the developer. CORBA Java/EJB XML/SOAP Other Map PSM to application interfaces, code, GUI descriptors, SQL queries, etc. Platform- Independent Model CORBA Model Java/EJB Model XML/SOAP Model Other Model

23. Data Integration Works Too MOF is the key here, behind the UML scene MOF is the key here, behind the UML scene With one modeling language With one modeling language Anything can be modeled Anything can be modeled User must map (code) from domain to modeling language constructs User must map (code) from domain to modeling language constructs MOF enables definition of multiple modeling languages MOF enables definition of multiple modeling languages Specific to various domains Specific to various domains Semantics captured in metamodels Semantics captured in metamodels User no longer needs to “map”, tools do User no longer needs to “map”, tools do

24. UML Myths MDA is just about code generation MDA is just about code generation MDA is just programming with UML MDA is just programming with UML MDA and DSL are different things MDA and DSL are different things UML is too big & complex UML is too big & complex

25. Code Generation is just one feature Sometimes we’ll be able to generate all the Sometimes we’ll be able to generate all the Code Code Schemas Schemas Deployment descriptors Deployment descriptors Sometimes we won’t; but we’ll still have the modeling values of Sometimes we won’t; but we’ll still have the modeling values of Clear, sharable graphical expression Clear, sharable graphical expression Flexible transformation for agile retargeting Flexible transformation for agile retargeting An enduring description of the system An enduring description of the system Architecture matters (that’s why MDA) Architecture matters (that’s why MDA)

26. MDA is more than UML! MDA is a meta-design pattern: MDA is a meta-design pattern: Discover multiple syntaxes for one semantic Discover multiple syntaxes for one semantic Capture that semantic in a machine-readable model Capture that semantic in a machine-readable model Standardize the transformations to multiple syntaxes Standardize the transformations to multiple syntaxes UML is a good general design and implementation language, but MOF provides the integration across languages UML is a good general design and implementation language, but MOF provides the integration across languages

27. MDA and DSL are the Same! Domain-Specific Languages (DSL’s) are a way to capture design semantics in languages closely fitted to specific problem areas (application domains) Domain-Specific Languages (DSL’s) are a way to capture design semantics in languages closely fitted to specific problem areas (application domains) Do we really want every programmer using a different language Do we really want every programmer using a different language It pays to have a central way to query, view and transform languages (MOF) It pays to have a central way to query, view and transform languages (MOF) MDA actually offers two routes to standardized DSL’s: MOF-defined languages and UML profiles MDA actually offers two routes to standardized DSL’s: MOF-defined languages and UML profiles

28. UML is a Toolbox! If all you’ve got is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail If all you’ve got is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail But if you have a whole toolbox of tools, you can choose the tool that best fits the problem But if you have a whole toolbox of tools, you can choose the tool that best fits the problem A big toolbox is an asset A big toolbox is an asset

29. MDA is Fractal There is a general pattern to MDA: There is a general pattern to MDA: Discover multiple syntaxes for a single semantic Discover multiple syntaxes for a single semantic Derive & design a model which underlies that semantic Derive & design a model which underlies that semantic Develop transformations between those models. Develop transformations between those models.

30. Shifting Gears: Business Modeling Model the Business Optimize Business Processes Operate the Business Design the Systems Implement the Systems Test & Deploy Systems

31. Can We Integrate Modeling? Model the Business Optimize Business Processes Operate the Business Design the Systems Implement the Systems Test & Deploy Systems

32. Integrating the Modeling Jobs Model the Business Optimize Business Processes Operate the Business Design the Systems Implement the Systems Test & Deploy Systems

33. Business Operation Model Business Model Business Process Optimization Process Operation Testing & Deployment Implementation Systems Design

34. Modeling is Pervasive UML BPMN, etc. MOF, CWM, etc. Business Components Service-Oriented Architecture

35. Business Modeling Work Under Way Business Motivation Metamodel Business Motivation Metamodel Completed by BRG; fast-tracked at OMG Completed by BRG; fast-tracked at OMG Business Process Modeling Notation Business Process Modeling Notation Complete by BPMI; fast-tracked at OMG Complete by BPMI; fast-tracked at OMG Organization Structure Metamodel Organization Structure Metamodel In process; expected completion early ‘06 In process; expected completion early ‘06 Business Process Definition Metamodel Business Process Definition Metamodel In process; expected completion mid ‘06 In process; expected completion mid ‘06 Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Rules Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Rules Evaluation complete; adoption vote underway Evaluation complete; adoption vote underway Production Rule Representation Production Rule Representation In process; expected completion mid ’06 In process; expected completion mid ’06 Business Process Maturity Model? Business Process Maturity Model?

36. An Underlying MOF Model

37. Enterprise IT Must Deal With Business Factors: Defining & meeting changing business requirements Complex & changing business processes Shifting enterprise/application boundaries Semantic integration with customers, supplies & partners Technological Factors: Barriers to interoperability & integration Development & maintenance obstacles Evolving & unstable technology suites

38. Enterprise IT: Adding MDA Business Factors: Architectural viewpoint (service orientation—SOA) brings out how your applications work with each other, and with those on the outside Capture changing business requirements and shifting enterprise boundaries in editable models Define the business functionality and Behavior of each application as a technology-independent model Focus your IT investment in your core business Technological Factors: Concentrate on the business process, speeding development Interoperability and portability are built in Move easily to the “next best thing”

39. MDA Benefits Full support for your “20 year architecture” across the application lifecycle Full support for your “20 year architecture” across the application lifecycle Smooth integration across intra- and inter-business boundaries (across deployment technologies) Smooth integration across intra- and inter-business boundaries (across deployment technologies) Reduced costs from beginning to end Reduced costs from beginning to end Reuse of applications, code, training and people Reuse of applications, code, training and people Technology-independent representation of the business Technology-independent representation of the business Scalability, robustness & security via generated code Scalability, robustness & security via generated code Stable model-based approach maximizes ROI Stable model-based approach maximizes ROI Rapid inclusion of the next best thing Rapid inclusion of the next best thing The CIO Problem Solver

40. To Get More Information MDA Information Page MDA Information Page http://www.omg.org/mda/ http://www.omg.org/mda/ OMG General Information OMG General Information http://www.omg.org/ http://www.omg.org/ Contact the Author Contact the Author soley@omg.org soley@omg.org This presentation This presentation http://www.omg.org/~soley/mdaupdown.ppt http://www.omg.org/~soley/mdaupdown.ppt