1. A Mountain of Gold & a Mountain of Iron: Reassessing the First Anglo-Dutch War 1652-1654 Andrew Van Horn Ruoss History Department Senior Thesis 2009-2010

2. The House of Orange v. Holland Regents Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie - Charter 1602 - 1648 Treaty of Münster

3. EIC - December 31, 1600 Charles I (r. 1625-1649) English Civil War -Massive Expenses Trade Losses

4. What do Historians Have to Say? Charles Wilson: Profit and Power -martial manifestation of the increasingly heated, developing trade competition between the emerging empires of the seventeenth-century Dutch Republic and England. J.R. Jones: The Anglo-Dutch Wars of the Seventeenth Century - tenuous political play within republican England Steven Pincus: Protestantism and Patriotism -influential clout and zealous viewpoints of the radical Protestant faction of the interregnum government

5. A New Perspective THESIS: The English East India Company merchants’ strategy to compete against Dutch trade hegemony, manifest in English foreign policy, was the fundamental underlying cause of the First Anglo-Dutch War.

6. The Origins of A Trend James I: 1603-1625 - Timid and defensive policy

7. Amboyna -Banda Archipeligo March 9, 1623

8. The Rise of EIC Power -London Aldermen -Growing Influence with the Crown

10. Radical Takeover Purge: EIC Directors December 6, 1648 – Pride’s Purge -Rump Parliament 1651 Navigation Act -Maurice Thompson

11. (1624) (EIC Proxy) 1620s & 1630s (Skinner, EIC Proxy)

12. John Milton Clerk to the Council of State: Concilium Status Parlamenti Republicae Angliae The Commonwealth’s Demands Summary of EIC Losses

14. 1653 - ProtectorateEIC

15. A DEFINING LEGACY A Mountain of Gold and a Mountain of Iron The Legacy of The First Anglo-Dutch War (1652-1654)

16. Thank You to… P rofessor Paul Monod for teaching me the skills needed to pursue this project M y friends, professors, and advisors for their unyielding support M y family – for their love and the heritage that inspired this project