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Chapter 2 Verbal Communication. How You Know What Verbal Messages Mean Langue and parole, or formal grammatical structured language versus everyday talk.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 2 Verbal Communication. How You Know What Verbal Messages Mean Langue and parole, or formal grammatical structured language versus everyday talk."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 2 Verbal Communication

2 How You Know What Verbal Messages Mean Langue and parole, or formal grammatical structured language versus everyday talk Relationships and other frames of familiarity also determine our use of talk

3 Verbal Communication and Multiple Meanings Polysemy – having multiple meanings for the same word (“Duck!”) This creates ambiguity Frames become important to help reduce the ambiguity of verbal communication

4 How Language Establishes Communicative ‘Frames’ Naming Sapir/Whorf hypothesis Classifying concepts into thought units

5 Types of Verbal Meanings Denotative – the use of talk to identify or define objects Connotative – the use of talk to establish and understand the implications and deeper meanings of words

6 Verbal Communication and Intentionality Intentionality – the belief that messages indicate a sender’s intentions purposefully We need to build relationships to help us understand the intentions of others Relationships build connotative understanding

7 Verbal Communication and Hidden Values The words we use are value- laden and ‘encode’ our values to the audience Examples of God and Devil terms Effective speakers take care in the words they choose

8 The Functions of ‘Talk’ in Relationships Instrumental (to make something happen) Indexical (to indicate something about the relationship) Essential (to create the ‘reality’ of the relationship) Politeness, ‘face wants’

9 Ways of Speaking Low-code and high-code Narrative Fisher’s Narrative Paradigm Burke’s Dramatistic Pentad Giving accounts

10 Breaking Down Burke’s Pentad


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