1. Agronomic Implications of Soybean Rust Shawn P. Conley Ellsworth Christmas Purdue University Soybean Production Systems

2. 2005 Soybean Production Q & A Should I plant soybean earlier? Should I plant an earlier maturing cultivar? Should I modify my row spacing & seeding rate?

3. Should I plant all corn in 2005? Will rust affect double crop beans more than the full season varieties? Can I tank mix glyphosate with a fungicide? 2005 Soybean Production Q & A

4. Should I Plant Soybean Earlier in 2005?

5. Floral initiation Photoperiod: Short day/critical value to initiate floral induction Temperature regulates when flowers appear

6. Effect of Early Planting Date on Soybean Yield, Davis PAC, 1991 ↓ 21%

7. Effect of Early Planting Date on Soybean Yield, SEPAC, 1991 ↓ 31% ↓ 21%↓ 4%

8. Effect of Early Planting Date Soybean Yield, SEPAC, 1992 ↓ 24%↓ 7%

9. Soybean Yield Response to Planting Date 1991-94

11. Should I Plant an Earlier Maturing Cultivar in 2005?

12. Effect of Maturity on Yield -----------Grain Yield ----------- RegionM.G.Maturity200403-0402-04 229/1364.455.357.2 239/2167.658.959.6 329/0462.558.259.3 339/1465.162.763.3 349/2265.4** 439/1961.856.251.2 449/2864.857.452.7 2004 UI Variety Testing

13. Implications for Early Variety Matured an average of 9 days earlier Average 4.5% yield loss 3 bushel yield loss @ $5.00 to $6.00 $15.00 to $18.00 for a fungicide application Risk assessment: 9 days vs. $18.00

14. Should I Modify My Row Spacing and Seeding Rate?

15. 8% ↓ 3% ↓

16. Wheel Traffic Effect on Soybean Yield --------------Grain Yield --------------Estimated yield loss Center row Wheel track row Adjacent row 40 ft. boom 90 ft. boom ------------------------------bushel a -1 ------------------------------ 2 (VC)56.937.361.60.30.1 3 (V1)57.236.762.00.30.1 4 (V2-4)58.034.763.10.40.2 5 (V4-5)59.631.564.80.50.2 6 (V7-R1)61.826.967.20.60.3 2,459.625.467.60.70.3 3,559.824.868.00.70.3 4,660.722.969.00.70.3 Piper, Swearingin, Nyquist. 1989.

17. Increased Income Compared to Increased Seed Cost for Solid Seeded Soybeans Seeding rate comparison Increased seed cost/A 2800 seeds/lb (140 k) Increased Income $/A $20/unit$25/unit$30/unit$5.00/bu$6.00/bu 200 to 30014.2917.8621.437.008.40 200 to 2507.148.9310.714.505.40 150 to 30021.4326.7932.1413.5016.40 150 to 25014.2917.8621.4311.0013.80 150 to 200 7.14 8.9310.716.50 7.80

18. Increased Income Compared to Increased Seed Cost for Solid Seeded Soybeans Seeding rate comparison Increased seed cost/A 3200 seeds/lb (160 k) Increased Income $/A $20/unit$25/unit$30/unit$5.00/bu$6.00/bu 200 to 30012.5015.6318.757.008.40 200 to 2506.257.819.384.505.40 150 to 30018.7523.4428.1313.5016.40 150 to 250 12.50 15.6318.7511.00 13.80 150 to 200 6.25 7.819.38 6.507.80

19. Should I Plant all Corn in 2005?

20. Corn Yield Response to Tillage and Rotation from 1975 to 2004 in West Lafayette, IN (Chalmers silty clay loam) 1975-20032004Yield Gain for Rotation (%) Tillage systemC/SCCC/SCC75-032004 ---------Yield (bu/acre)--------- Moldboard176.4168.5213201 56 Chisel Plow176.9164.0209198 85 No-till172.5146.2207179 1816 T.D. West, T.J. Vyn, G. Steinhardt

21. Corn Yield Response to Tillage and Rotation from 1997 to 2004 in Wanatah, IN (Sebewa loam) 1997-20032004Yield Gain for Rotation (%) Tillage systemC/SCCC/SCC97-032004 ---------Yield (bu/acre)--------- Moldboard188174230210 89 Chisel Plow189170234211 11 No-till184161224206 149 T.D. West, T.J. Vyn, G. Steinhardt

22. Factors to Consider in Continuous Corn  Yield loss (11 to 23 bushels in 2004) Higher tillage costs: No-till ineffective Associated higher soil erosion costs Higher optimum N rates (≥ 40 units N) Pest control may now be a wash T.D. West, T.J. Vyn, G. Steinhardt

23. Will rust affect double crop beans more than the full season varieties?

24. 10 8 5 3 30 July June 28 26 24 22 21 20 19 18 Average Date For the Start of Wheat Harvest

25. Average Indiana Soybean Development

26. Increased Double Crop Risk? Vegetative versus reproductive stage Increased risk of early infection Multiple applications may be required Open canopy and airflow considerations? Yield potential versus increased risk?

27. Can I Tank Mix Glyphosate With a Fungicide?

28. Factors to Consider Drift and Nozzle Selection Droplet size and Pressure Herbicide: > 400 μm and low pressure Fungicide: < 220 μm and higher pressure Timing: Herbicide vs. fungicide Glyphosate: 4 to 6” for annuals; 6 to 12 perennials; up to 50% bloom Fungicide: R1 and later Label Issues: Tank mix partners? Vague Fungicides, Herbicides, and Soybean Rust, Do they Mix?

29. Questions? conleysp@purdue.edu