1. This session will give examples of disasters in the coastal zone and discuss the lessons learned from their impacts. Session 17: Coastal Disaster Case Studies (Source: NC Division of Emergency Management) Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 17. 1, Lecture Outline

2. Introduction: Coastal Disaster Case Studies Slide 17. 2, Introduction Coastal Hazards can be defined as natural hazards that occur within the coastal zone. Hazards become disasters when they intersect the human coast. This session will look at several case study examples of coastal disasters. The following disasters will be discussed in this session: Galveston Hurricane Loma Prieta Earthquake Hurricane Andrew Hurricane Floyd (Source: http://www.vetmed.ucda vis.edu/whatsnew/articl e2.cfm?id=1105) (Source:http://www- ed.fnal.gov/lincon/w01/projects/earthquak es/earthquake%20photo4.jpg) Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course

3. Case Study: Galveston Hurricane Slide 17. 3, Galveston Hurricane This was the greatest disaster in US history in terms of loss of life. 6,000 to 8,000 people lost their lives. (Source: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/paleo/hurri cane/images/wea00590a.gif ) Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course (Source: http://www.noaane ws.noaa.gov/stori es/s496.htm) http://www.noaane ws.noaa.gov/stori es/s496.htm

4. Case Study: Loma Prieta Earthquake Slide 17. 4, Loma Prieta Earthquake October 17, 1989: A magnitude 7.1 earthquake shook San Francisco and its 7 surrounding counties (Source: USGS) (Source: http://www.ex ploratorium.ed u/faultline/engi neering/dama gemap.html) Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course (Source: http://www.se ismo.berkele y.edu/seismo /faq/1989_0. html) http://www.se ismo.berkele y.edu/seismo /faq/1989_0. html (Source: Red Cross )

5. Case Study: Hurricane Andrew Slide 17. 5, Hurricane Andrew Hurricane Andrew was the costliest US disaster, causing $27 billion in damages (Source:http://w ww.aoml.noaa.g ov/hrd/hurdat/An drew- figures.html) (Source:http://ww w.chron.com/cs/C DA/story.hts/natio n/1544102) Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course (Source: NOAA)

6. Case Study: Hurricane Floyd Slide 17. 6, Hurricane Floyd (Source: http://www.de m.dcc.state.nc.us/mitigation/p hotos1.htm ) Floyd resulted in the Presidential declaration of 13 states as federal disaster areas. (Source: NCSU) Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course

7. Lessons Learned: Galveston Slide 17. 7, Lessons Learned (Source: http://www.cnn.com/interactive/space/0309/e xplainer.hurricanes/gal.storm.surge.OLD.jpg) The seriousness of storm surge hazards became more evident after the Galveston Hurricane of 1900. Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course (Source:http://www.islandnet.com/~ see/weather/events/1900hurr.htm)

8. Lessons Learned: Loma Prieta Slide 17. 8, Lessons Learned Since the Loma Prieta Earthquake, greater attention has been focused on: Identifying at risk urban areas Applying mitigation strategies such as seismic retrofitting (Source:http://www.goldengatebridge. org/projects/seismicsummary.html) Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course (Source: USGS) Retrofitting the Golden Gate Bridge

9. Lessons Learned: Andrew Slide 17. 9, Lessons Learned (Source: http://www.newcomerinfo.com/ building-codes.htm) Building codes established in South Florida after Hurricane Andrew are the toughest in the nation. Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course (Source: http://www.stor msmart.com/bb 1gdoor.html) (Source:http://o rpermits.homes tead.com/News letter.html)

10. Lessons Learned: Floyd Slide 17. 10, Lessons Learned The flooding from Hurricane Floyd increased dedication to mitigation planning and outreach efforts Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course (Source:http://www.dem.dcc.stat e.nc.us/mitigation/photos2.htm)http://www.dem.dcc.stat e.nc.us/mitigation/photos2.htm

11. Learning from the Past Slide 17. 11, Learning from the Past (Source: NOAA) The impact of natural disasters on human life in last century has changed due to increased knowledge, awareness, technology, and their applications; yet continuing dedication to mitigation and coastal management efforts are essential. Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course

12. Preparing for the Future Slide 17. 12, Preparing for the Future Natural hazards cannot be managed, but human development and growth in the coastal zone can through pro- active coastal management. Session 17: Disaster Case Studies Coastal Hazards Management Course (Source: http://www.wb202 0.qld.gov.au/rgmf/ rgmf_map.htm) (Source:http://www.gu.edu.au/ centre/gccm/content01.html)