1. GAINING SAVINGS THROUGH RESOURCE EFFICIENCY Jenni Donato Jenni.donato@aeat.co.uk

2. Who are WRAP ? WRAP helps individuals, businesses and local authorities to reduce waste and recycle more, making better use of resources and helping to tackle climate change.

3. OUR THREE TARGETS FOR 2008-2011 Target 1 8 million tonnes less waste to landfill. Target 2 5 million tonnes of CO 2 emissions saved. Target 3 £1.1 billion of economic benefits.

4. Resource Efficiency – what is it? It’s about using raw materials (the inputs) as efficiently as possible in the delivery of “the service” (the output) A systematic review of service delivery Good business sense – increasing profitability

6. Eco-design – what is it? Life cycle of the product, service or packaging Looking from an intelligent design perspective Reduces the biggest environmental impact Looking at amounts, types and mixtures of materials Identifies financial as well as environmental opportunities

7. The role of design – why do it? 80% of the cost of product set at the design stage 93% of production materials not used in the final product (becomes waste ??) 80% of products discarded after a single use (waste) Design decisions will affect the whole lifecycle from the manufacture and use to the disposal

8. Core Drivers Environmental Climate change and carbon Oil Materials Water Waste Financial Legal

9. Federal Highways Administration www.fhwa.dot.gov/hep/climate/gccalbanywww.fhwa.dot.gov/hep/climate/gccalbany Environmental – Climate change

10. Energy Information Agency www.eia.doe.govwww.eia.doe.gov Peak Oil

11. Water as a Resource Despite recent flooding, clean and safe water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource. This is primarily due to two main causes: Increasing demand and supply pressures Changing climate and the increased variability of rainfall patterns.

12. The South East of England has less water available per person than the Sudan or Syria (Waterwise - June 2008)

13. You pay for the water you use You also pay for disposing it This tap is wasting 1 litre per minute Cost of supply and disposal from this single tap = £1,000 per year

14. Financial

15. HIDDEN COSTS VISIBLE COSTS Disposal costs: Effluent, Skips, Landfill charges, Air pollution charges Energy use Utility use Raw materials Labour Handling & storage Transportation The true cost of waste = 4% of turnover Maintenance Time Effort Production capacity Rework Lost profit

16. Legal Packaging UK Packaging Waste Regulations Packaging (Essential Requirements) Regulations Product EuP, Batteries and Accumulators, WEEE, RoHS

17. Service…

18.  A number of approaches to reducing costs & carbon through eco-design  No real agreement on which is best.  Depends on the service, product, its packaging, the user, fill method, shipping method, storage method, company identity and strategy Design for what? What’s the focus?....Recyclability………………………….….Minimisation……….……..…….. ……..…Transport Efficiency………………………..Longevity………………. …………….Compostability……………………..Reuse…………………..……. ….Embodied Carbon……..………Modularity…….……Short-life……..... Tools and techniques

19. Packaging Design Strategies

20. Design for recyclability Focus on segregation Simple materials Links to infrastructure in country of choice

21. Design for recycled content Increasing the level of recycled content in a pack Aluminum – 95% less energy use PET – RPET – saving of 1.5 to 2 tonnes CO2e per tonne Card – can put up weight by 25%

22. Design for Concentration Why ship water around the world when it is available at point of use? Means – smaller packages – fewer deliveries – need less storage space – can be applied to tablets / powders with fillers

23. Design for degradability Rise in interest in biodegradable packaging Consumers like the concept of biodegradability / compostability But do they really understand it? And are local authorities ready for it? Plant feedstocks take productive land away from food production

24. Product Design Strategies

25. Design for longevity Products built to last  Modular and upgradeable  The service for the product built into it’s initial cost

26. Design for end of life Quicksilver – clothes made from recycled fibres, customers can then send them back to be recycled again. End of Life Vehicles Directive

27. Design for material efficiency Designing out unnecessary material or features from products Designing products to use less materials in the use phase 2 cups of water and 1 cup of plastic beads

28. How does this relate to the Service Industry ???

29. Equipment provision for surgeons Historically manually choose what equipment they would use for an operation individually unwrap them use what they need throw away Now pack of equipment saves material, packaging and energy from bulk sterilisation saves over a third on preparation time Design for material efficiency

30. ‘It’s a sophisticated multi-channel offer where the design shifts the stores from a functional retail offer to become more of a social space,’ Gennaro Castaldo, head of press and public relations for HMV UK and Ireland No paper statements Fewer letters to open No cheque book or paying-in book No paper-based marketing Design for what ??

31. The hidden footprint… Internet search (between 0.2g to 7g CO2) Taking the lower Google - 304 million searches per day = 60 tonnes of CO2 per day !! Streaming 0.2g per second, 30 min show = 360g CO2 BBC iPlayer – 7 million requests per day = 252 tonnes of CO2 per day !! Second Life Avatar 1,752 KWh or 489 Kg of CO2 per year This is the same as an average Brazilian citizen !! Figures by eco3 www.eco3.co.uk

32. Get some help !!!

33. Rethink Waste - A simple structured approach to help manufacturers to: understand how much waste their company produces; identify simple ways to start reducing waste and saving money; measure the resource and cost savings that they have made. Over 3 months, 3 online modules will be delivered covering data collection; developing an action plan; implementing action plans and measuring savings. www.wrap.org.uk/rethink Join Rethink Waste Resource efficiency for manufacturers

34. www.wrap.org.uk/rethink

35. The Rippleffect - A simple structured approach to help businesses to: understand how much water their company uses; identify simple ways to start saving water and money; measure the water and cost savings that they have made. Over 6 months, 3 online modules will be delivered covering data collection; developing an action plan; implementing action plans and measuring savings. www.wrap.org.uk/rippleffect Join the Rippleffect Water efficiency for businesses

36. www.wrap.org.uk/rippleffect

37. Summary Think about the life cycle of your product, service or its packaging Consider which environmental impacts are likely to be the biggest Make some positive design changes which help to minimise these environmental impacts

38. Workshop Look at the products and packaging in front of you What is good packaging? Why What is bad packaging? Why Using what you have just learnt about eco-design, consider a new way to packaging the product REMEMBER – THINK ABOUT THE BIGGER PICTURE !!!

39. Simple Fact...... The future of lighting 1) Lighting Buckingham Palace takes the same energy as..................!?!

40. Simple Fact...... The future of lighting 2) If we took the €2.4bn (spent in Germany on solar power) and spent it on retrofit LED’s, what would the energy savings be?

41. Simple Fact...... The future of lighting 3) If we replaced all lighting products (Europe) with the LED’s (BAT) what would the result be? (% saving, forest area, barrels of oil, CO 2 )

42. Simple Fact...... The future of lighting 4) One retailer moved to an all LED supermarket... What was the total energy saving?

43. Simple Fact...... The future of lighting 5) Rafayel Hotel, London. Move to all LED in the building. The ‘cost’ to stay there was 70kg/CO 2 /night. What is it now?

44. Now is the time to act. Everyone can play a part in lightening the UK’s carbon footprint. Call: freephone 0808 100 2040 Visit: www.wrap.org.uk