1. B3. Enhance our understanding of the roles and functions carried out by microbial life on Earth, and adapt these capabilities for human use, through bioinformatics and computational biology. Rob Edwards

3. Proteins bind compounds

4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_pathway Proteins combine into subsystems

5. Subsystems combine into cells

6. Cells combine into communities

7. Communities don't live alone

8. Microbial communities have dramatic geochemical impact

9. Microbial Simulations with Exascale computing Energy simulations for proteins for biocatalysts and biofuels accelerate the development of biofuel cells and direct solar energy cells. Environmental remediation simulations of individual organisms for helpful transformations simulations of multispecies consortia and communities converting toxic wastes Industrial-scale microbiology simulate conversion of wild microbial strains to production strains metabolic and functional models and design-driven predictions Carbon Sequestration simulate microbial sequestration of carbon from the environment via mineralization reduce the concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases. Sustainability simulate complex, productive, and sustainable environments [prairie grass] key to sustainability and security into the future.