1. Digital Image Fundamentals
Chapter 2
Digital Image Fundamentals

2. Outline Elements of Visual Perception
Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Image Sensing and Acquisition
Image Sampling and Quantization
Basic Relationships Between Pixels
Linear and Non-linear Operations

3. Structure of the Human Eye
基礎視覺科學

4. Distribution of Rods & Cones

5. Image Formation in the Eye

6. Brightness Adaptation and Discrimination
brightness discrimination is poor (the Weber ratio is large) at low levels of illumination

7. Simultaneous Contrast

8. Optical Illuminations (I)

9. Optical Illuminations (II)

10. Light and the EM Spectrum

11. Image Sensing & Acquisition
Using a single detector
Using sensor strips
Using sensor array

12. Sampling & Quantization

13. Illustration

14. Representing Digital Images

15. Spatial Resolution

16. Subsample & Resample

17. Gray-level Resolution16 8 4 2

18. Aliasing and Moire Patterns
Occurs when sample rate is not high enough. (Shannon’s sampling theorem)

19. Zooming and Shrinking Nearest neighbor interpolation
Pixel replication (a special case of nearest neighbor interpolation)
Bilinear interpolation

20. Basic Relationships between Pixels
Neighbors
Horizontal and vertical – 4 neighbors
Diagonal neighbors
8-neighbors
Adjacency, connectivity, regions and boundary

21. Distance Measure Euclidean distance D4 distance (city-block distance)
D8 distance (chessboard distance)