1. 1945-Present V.Horvath World History
Modern Times
1945-Present
V.Horvath
World History

2. THE WORLD SINCE 1945 1945-Present chapTER 32
Chapter Preview
The Changing Political Climate
Global Economic Trends
Changing Patterns of Life
THE WORLD SINCE Present chapTER 32

3. The Changing Political Climate
The Big Idea – After World War II, the Cold War and the decline of European influence shifted the balance of world power
Vocabulary – Modernization, superpower, ideology, summit
Focus/Review – How did the end of colonialism and the Cold War shape the world? How did new nations try to form stable governments? What role have world organizations played? What enduring issues face the world today?
Pg 806

4. Cold War Takes Over the World
Why did European nations lose their colonial empires after World War II?
Why did political instability plague many developing nations?
Describe one effort nations have made to deal with each of the following issues: (a) the spread of nuclear arms (b) human right abuses (c) terrorism.

5. Global Economic Trends
The Big Idea – The industrial nations of the global North and the developing nations of the global South have become increasingly interdependent
Vocabulary – Multinational corporation, privatization, acid rain
Focus/Review – In what ways are the global North and South economically interdependent? Why have developing nations had trouble reaching their goals? How is economic development linked to the environment?
Pg 812

6. Global North and South Define: OPEC, Chernobyl
How do the nations of the global North and global South depend on one another?
How has economic development increased the potential for widespread damage to the environment? Give two examples.

7. Changing Patterns of Life
The Big Idea – Forces such as urbanization, religion, and changing roles for women have shaped world societies
Vocabulary – Shantytown, fundamentalist, liberation theology
Focus/Review – How are new ways of life replacing old ways? How has modernization affected lives of women? What are the benefits and limits of modern science technology? What forces have shaped a new global culture?
Pg 818

8. Old Versus New Describe two changes in the roles and rights of women
How have three developments in science or technology affected the modern world?
How did American influences shape a new global culture?

9. EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA 1945-PRESENT chapTER 33
Chapter Preview
The Western World: An Overview
The Western European Democracies
North American Prosperity
The Soviet Union: Rise and Fall of a Superpower
A New Era in Eastern Europe
EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA 1945-PRESENT chapTER 33

10. The Western World: An Overview
The Big Idea – In the years since World War II, various economic, political, and social trends have shaped the western world
Vocabulary – Détente, welfare state, euro
Focus/Review – What issues troubled Europe after the Cold War? How have recent Economic and political trends affected the West? How has Europe moved toward greater unity? How have social trends changed the West?
Pg 828

11. Economic and Political Trends
Identify the following: Berlin Wall, Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, NATO, European Union
What were two effects of the end of the Cold War?
What social trends affected family life in the West?

12. The Western European Democracies
The Big Idea – As a result of government polices and international cooperation the people of Western European democracies have enjoyed freedom and prosperity
Vocabulary – Chancellor, coalition
Focus/Review – How did Britain’s policies change after World War II? How did French power and prosperity revive? How did Germany reunify? What problems have other democratic nations faced?
Pg 834

13. European Democracies
Identify the following: Margaret Thatcher, Tony Blair, IRA, Charles de Gaulle, Francois Mitterrand, Konrad Adenauer, Helmut Kohl, neo-Nazis
Why was Germany finally able to reunify?

14. North American Prosperity
The Big Idea – Since the 1940s, the United States has asserted its role as a global superpower, promoted economic prosperity, and extended civil rights
Vocabulary – deficit, surplus, civil rights movement
Focus/Review – What actions has the United States taken as a global superpower? What developments have shaped the economy, government and society of the United States? What issues has Canada faced in recent years?
Pg 839

15. The United States Goes Global
Identify the following: John F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon, social security, Medicare, Ronald Reagan, Brown vs The Board of Education, Martin Luther King
What goals has the United States tried to achieve as a super-global power?

16. The Soviet Union: Rise and Fall of a Superpower
The Big Idea – After years of Communist rule, the Soviet Union collapsed and was replaced by Russia and other independent republics
Vocabulary – Dissident, glasnost, perestroika, default
Focus/Review – What ideas guided Soviet political, economic, and foreign policy? Why did the Soviet Union collapse? What problems have Russia and the other republics faced since the fall of the Soviet Union?
Pg 843

17. Collapse of the Soviet Union
Identify the following: Nikita Khrushchev, Afghan War, Mikhail Gorbachev, Boris Yelstin, Chechnya, Vladimir Putin
How did Gorbachev’s reforms contribute to the collapse of the Soviet Union?
Describe two problems that have afflicted Russia and the other new republics since the breakup of the Soviet Union

18. A New Era in Eastern Europe
The Big Idea – After years of Soviet domination, the countries of Eastern Europe were free of Russian control, facing new and sometimes difficult challenges
Vocabulary – Ethnic cleansing, war crime
Focus/Review – How did Eastern European nations oppose Soviet domination and strive for democracy? What were the effects of the fall of communism? What were the causes and effects of civil war in Yugoslavia?
Pg 849

19. Roads to Democracy How did Hungarians resist Soviet domination?
Why were some Eastern Europeans unhappy with the changes that came after the fall of communism?
Why did civil war break out in Yugoslavia?

20. East Asia and southeast Asia 1945 – Present chapter 34
Chapter Preview
Japan becomes an economic superpower
From revolution to reform in China
The Asian Tigers
Southeast Asia and the Pacific Rim
East Asia and southeast Asia 1945 – Present chapter 34

21. Japan Becomes and Economic Superpower
The Big Idea –After World War II, Japan rapidly rebuilt and became an economic superpower
Vocabulary – Zaibatsu, gross domestic product, trade deficit
Focus/Review – What factors made Japan’s recovery an economic miracle? How did Japan interact economically and politically with other nations? How are patterns of life changing in Japan?
Pg 858

22. Japan Changes and Grows
How did Japan achieve political recovery?
What role has Japan played in world affairs in recent years?
What were three reasons for Japan’s economic recovery?

23. From Revolution to Reform in China
The Big Idea – After a series of failed reforms in China, communist leaders
Vocabulary – Collectivization, commune, joint venture
Focus/Review – What were the effects of communist policies in China? What challenges did China face during the Cold War? How did calls for political reform lead to repression? What challenges face China today?
Pg 862

24. Changes in China
Identify the following: People’s Republic of China, Great Leap Forward, Little Red Book, Tiananmen Square
How did Mao’s economic policies harm China?
What major issues did China face during the Cold War?

25. The Asian Tigers
The Big Idea – Aggressive economic growth lead to world prominence for several nations in East and Southeast Asia
Vocabulary – NONE
Focus/Review – How has China influenced Taiwan and Hong Kong? How did Singapore modernize? Why has Korea remained divided for more than 50 years?
Pg 868

26. Asian Tigers What is meant by the term “Asian Tiger”?
Describe how China’s strength has affected the development of Taiwan and Hong Kong
How do the economies of North and South Korea differ?

27. Southeast Asia and the Pacific Rim
The Big Idea – Southeast Asian nations sought independence but also fell into divisive conflicts in the decades after World War II
Vocabulary – Domino theory, cease-fire, embargo
Focus/Review – How did war affect Vietnam and Cambodia? What challenges faced the Philippines and the developing nations of Southeast Asia? Why is the Pacific Rim a vital region?
Pg 873

28. Vietnam, Cambodia, and the Philippines
Describe the effects of war on Vietnam and Cambodia
What economic and ethnic issues have faced governments in the Philippines and Indonesia?
Why is the Pacific Rim seen as an important link in the global economy?

29. South Asia and the middle east 1945 – Present chapter 35
Chapter Preview
Nations of South Asia
Forces Shaping the Modern Middle East
Nation Building in the Middle East: Three Case Studies
The Middle East and the World
South Asia and the middle east 1945 – Present chapter 35

30. Nations of South Asia
The Big Idea – After winning independence, Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan pursued separate roads to modernization
Vocabulary – Partition, federal system, darijan, debt service
Focus/Review – Why was India partitioned? How has India dealt with political, economic, and social change? What problems did Pakistan and Bangladesh face?
Pg 882

31. South Asian Nations
Why was the Indian subcontinent divided into two nations?
What economic goals did India pursue and why has their progress been limited?
How did Cold War rivalries affect South Asia? Give two examples

32. Forces Shaping the Modern Middle East
The Big Idea – Three forces shaping the modern Middle East are nationalism, religious and cultural diversity, and access to resources such as oil and water
Vocabulary – Kibbutz, desalinization, hejab
Focus/Review – How have diversity and nationalism shaped the Middle East? What political and economic patterns have emerged? Why has an Islamic revival spread across the region? How do women’s lives vary in the Middle East?
Pg 888

33. Diversity in the Middle East
What forces have linked Arab nations? Give one example how diversity has caused tension in Middle Eastern nations
How has oil shaped Middle Eastern societies?
How was the Islamic revival linked to social and political development?

34. Nation Building in the Middle East: Three Case Studies
The Big Idea – Since World WAR ii, Turkey, Egypt, and Iran have followed different routes to modernization
Vocabulary – Delta, ayatollah, theocracy
Focus/Review – What issues has Turkey faced? Why was Egypt a leader in the Arab world? What were the causes and results of the revolution in Iran?
Pg 894

35. Turkey, Egypt, and Iran
What kind of government did Turkey build? Describe a challenge they faced
What steps did Egypt take toward modernization?
Why did discontent spread in Iran under the Shah? Describe two effects of the Iran revolution

36. The Middle East and the World
The Big Idea – The Middle East has been the focus of conflicts that have had an impact far beyond the region
Vocabulary – Client state, intifada, militia, no-fly zone
Focus/Review – How did the Cold War increase tensions in the Middle East? Why has the Arab-Israeli conflict been difficult to resolve? Why did conflicts arise in Lebanon and the Persian Gulf?
Pg 899

37. Middle East Conflict
Identify the following: PLO, Yasir Arafat, Yitzhak Rabin, Palestine Authority, Ariel Sharon, Saddam Hussein
Describe one cause of the following: the civil war in Lebanon, the Iran-Iraq war, the Persian Gulf War

38. Africa 1945 – Present chapter 36
Chapter Preview
Achieving Independence
Programs for Development
Three Nations: A Closer Look
Struggles in Southern Africa
Africa – Present chapter 36

39. Achieving Independence
The Big Idea – As many African nations won independence in the 1950s and 1960s, they held great hopes and faced great challenges
Vocabulary – NONE
Focus/Review – How did colonialism contribute to a growing spirit of nationalism? What routes to freedom did Ghana, Kenya, and Algeria follow? How did the Cold War affect Africa
Pg 908

40. Colonial Legacy
What challenges faced African nations as a result of colonialism? How did national leaders respond to these challenges?
Describe the conflicts that arose during independence in the following countries: Ghana, Kenya, and Algeria
What role did international organizations play in Africa during the Cold War?

41. Programs for Development
The Big Idea – New African nations faced many choices and challenges as they established new governments
Vocabulary – One-party system, mixed economy, desertification
Focus/Review – What were barriers to unity and stability in Africa? What economic choices did African nations make? What critical issues affect African nations today? How has modernization affected patterns of life?
Pg 914

42. Critical Choices for Africa
Why were unity and stability difficult to achieve?
Describe the choices faced by African nations after independence
How did modernization and the growth of cities change daily life for many Africans?

43. Three Nations: A Closer Look
The Big Idea – Nigeria, the Congo, and Tanzania provide examples of paths followed by African nations
Vocabulary – NONE
Focus/Review – What were some pressures for change in Nigeria? What effects did dictatorship have on the Congo? What was the outcome of Tanzania’s experiment in socialism?
Pg 920

44. Nigeria, Congo, and Tanzania
How has Nigeria responded to economic pressures?
What challenges faced the Congo at independence?
What programs did Julius Nyerere introduce in Tanzania after independence?

45. Struggles in South Africa
The Big Idea – Nations in southern Africa experienced turmoil as people sought majority rule and equal rights
Vocabulary – NONE
Focus/Review – What challenges faced Zimbabwe? How did the long struggle to end apartheid lead to a new South Africa? How did the Cold War affect nations of southern Africa?
Pg 924

46. A New South Africa How did Zimbabwe achieve independence?
Identify major events leading to the elimination of apartheid
How have African nations worked to improve conditions?

47. Latin America 1945 – Present chapter 37
Chapter Preview
Forces Shaping Modern Latin America
Latin America, the United States, and the World
Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean
Focus on Argentina and Brazil
Latin America – Present chapter 37

48. Forces Shaping Modern Latin America
The Big Idea – Latin America’s development is influenced by geography, culture, social patterns, and political and economic conditions
Vocabulary – Import substitution, agribusiness, liberation theology
Focus/Review – Why is Latin America a culturally diverse region? What conditions contributed to unrest in Latin American countries? What forces shaped political, economic, and social patterns in Latin America?
Pg 934

49. Political, Social, Economical, and Social Changes
How does the history of Latin America explain it’s cultural diversity today?
Describe four conditions that fed unrest in Latin America
Describe how each of the following has affected Latin America: Military regimes, economic nationalism, religion

50. Latin America, the United States, and the World
The Big Idea – Latin American nations have developed policies in response to United States influence, regional issues and global issues
Vocabulary – Literacy rate, embargo
Focus/Review – How did communist rule affect Cuba? What policies has the United States followed in Latin America? What global issues have linked Latin America to other regions of the world?
Pg 940

51. Global Issues Link America and Latin America to the World
Identify the following: Fidel Castro, Bay of Pigs, Cuban missile crisis, Manuel Noriega, NAFTA, drug cartel
What changes did communism bring to Cuba?
How have Latin American nations addressed regional and global issues?

52. Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean
The Big Idea – Although Mexico underwent change with relatively little turmoil, several Central American countries were torn by civil war
Vocabulary – Ejido, contra
Focus/Review – What conditions have changed and which have remained the same in Mexico? Why did Central American countries suffered civil wars? What were the causes of Haiti’s political and economic struggles?
Pg 944

53. War and Peace
Identify the following: Lazaro Cardenas, PRI, Vincente Fox, Sandinistas, Violeta Chamorro, Oscar Romero, Jean-Bertrand Aristide
How has Mexican politics changed in recent years?
What problems have hindered the development of democracy in Haiti?

54. Focus on Argentina and Brazil
The Big Idea – Both Argentina and Brazil have overcome serious political and economic challenges as they became modernized
Vocabulary – Favala, plebiscite, squatter
Focus/Review – What challenges has democracy faced in Argentina? How did Brazil’s government change in recent times? Why did Brazil’s economic miracle have limited success?
Pg 950

55. Economic Miracle
How have dictatorships affected Argentina? What steps did the nation take towards democracy in the 1980s and 1990s?
Why did military rulers seize power in Brazil?
Describe the Brazilian “Economic Miracle”