1. 1 WSSD Clean Fuels and Vehicles Partnership Better Air Quality in Asian and Pacific Rim Cities Hong Kong December 17, 2002 John Beale, USEPA

2. 2 “Powering Sustainable Development” U.S. WSSD Clean Energy Initiative: Global Village Energy Partnership Energy Efficiency for Sustainable Development Healthy Homes and Communities

3. 3  Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles  Partnership for Clean Indoor Air

4. 4 Partnership for Clean Indoor Air Brings together governments, non- governmental organizations, and the private sector to focus on: Reducing exposure in the developing world to indoor pollution from home cooking and heating practices Increasing access to affordable, reliable, clean, and efficient home cooking and heating techniques

5. 5 What will the Partnership do? Obtain formal commitments from partners to address: Social and cultural barriers to cleaner cooking Development of sustainable business models and markets to support changes Establish criteria to assess technologies for more efficient cooking and heating approaches Assess health impacts of improvements

6. 6 Current Partners Governments: Canada, Italy, Mexico, South Africa, U.S., 7 Central American Countries Non-governmental organizations:Winrock International, Shell Foundation, UC/Berkeley Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory Industry: LPG Association of Southern Africa International Organizations:, UNEP, Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO), WHO, World Bank, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs

7. 7 Clean Fuels and Vehicles Partnership Brings together governments, industry and non-governmental organizations to focus on: The elimination of lead in gasoline; The reduction of sulfur in diesel and gasoline, while adopting cleaner vehicle technologies.

8. 8 What will the Partnership do? Assist countries to develop and implement action plans for the adoption of cleaner fuel standards and cleaner vehicle requirements; Develop and disseminate data and information, public outreach materials, educational programs, as well as develop enforcement and compliance programs; and Foster key partnerships between government, industry, NGOs

9. 9 Current Partners Governments: Australia, Canada, Chile, China, 7 Central American countries, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, South Africa, US Industry: API, Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, MECA, BP, American Honda, AECA, JAMA,AECC, AIAM, EMA, IFQC, International, Lubrizol, Petrobras Non-governmental organizations: NRDC, Alliance to End Childhood Lead Poisoning, Global Environment and Technology Foundation International Organizations: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, UNEP, and the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO)

10. 10 A renewed focus on lead… Pb in gasoline … …is a potent neurotoxin and causes:  Lowered IQ scores, lifelong learning problems, and aggressive behavior …precludes the use of catalytic converters to reduce other hazardous vehicle pollutants (CO, HC, NOx & Toxics)  Much Progress : In the last 6 years, more than 50 countries have taken action to eliminate lead in gasoline.  Still more to do… Lead remains a continuing problem in Africa, Indonesia, Peru, and a few other countries

11. 11 A New Commitment fo Reducing Sulfur New worldwide focus on reducing sulfur in diesel and gasoline Diesel emissions increasing in urban areas Sulfur fuel specs vary from near-zero to 10,000 ppm Particulates from vehicles are sub-micron (PM 2.5) in size, especially damaging to public health.

12. 12 Sulfur and PM High sulfur levels in diesel and gasoline contribute to ambient PM: Emitting particles directly Producing secondary particles in the urban atmosphere Preventing emission reduction technologies from operating properly Nox adds to the ambient particulate loading and ozone Reducing sulfur in fuel, even to intermediate levels, can immediately impact emissions from existing vehicles

13. 13 Sulfur, PM and Health Effects Fine particulates from diesel emissions contribute to respiratory problems, especially in children EPA has recently classified diesel emissions as a likely human carcinogen EPA has quantified the benefits of reducing sulfur in diesel in the US: 110,000 tons of PM reduced each year Prevention of 8,300 premature deaths, 7,600 cases of acute bronchitis in children, 360,000 asthma attacks, and 1.5 million lost work days

14. 14 Partnership Activities Work with countries to develop country- specific plans Provide technical assistance Refinery modeling, emission inventory Public outreach Legislative analysis

15. 15 November 14 & 15 Partnership Meeting UN Headquarters in New York Model WSSD Type 2 Partnership Outcomes: Projects in specific regions Strategy for the Partnership Mechanisms for coordination.

16. 16 Coordination of Partnership UNEP has offered to host coordinator at UNEP Headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya Several partners have contributed funding for coordinator Partnership will have a website and listserv for communication

17. 17 Next Steps 3 workgroups formed to develop simple and consistent positions on: Valve Seat recession Octane requirements and replacements Sulfur in diesel and impact on PM Priority projects identified

18. 18 EPA’s Program Technical assistance for a variety of projects: Africa Lead Phase-out India Mexico Peru

19. 19 Fuels and Vehicles Partnership Side Event in Hong Kong Wednesday, December 18 th Hong Kong Convention Center Agenda Organized by ADB and the Clean Air Initiative Presentations from Asian countries/industries

20. 20 For More Information, contact: Kathleen Abdalla UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, New York abdallak@un.org Jane Metcalfe USEPA, Washington metcalfe.jane@epa.gov