1. The Solar System

2. General Characteristics of Solar System All planets revolve around Sun counterclockwise All planets revolve around Sun counterclockwise All planets except Venus rotate on axis counterclockwise All planets except Venus rotate on axis counterclockwise All planets orbits lie in plane of ecliptic All planets orbits lie in plane of ecliptic Axes of planets except Uranus perpendicular to ecliptic Axes of planets except Uranus perpendicular to ecliptic Compositional variation (Inner planets - Terrestrial; Outer planets - Gaseous) Compositional variation (Inner planets - Terrestrial; Outer planets - Gaseous)

3. Solar System Formation

4. Planetary Composition: Terrestrial vs Jovian

5. Age of the Solar System

6. Age of Earth Oldest Rock

7. Oldest Rock: 4.28 Billion Years The Nuvvuagittuq Belt on the coast of the Hudson Bay in Northern Quebec

8. Oldest Mineral: 4.4 Billion Years The Jack Hills of Western Australia

9. Radiogenic Heating of Earth

10. Differentiation

11. Origin of the Moon

12. The Solar System

13. The Sun Mass (x Earth) 332,830 Radius (x Earth) 109 Mean Density 1.41 Mean Surface Temperature 6,000°C Rotational Period (Days) 25-36 Composition Hydrogen 92.1% Helium 7.8%

14. Structure of the Sun Interior Interior Core: Fusion of H to He Radiative Zone Energy Transported by Photons Convection Zone Energy Transported by Convection Atmosphere Atmosphere Photosphere: Visual Surface Chromosphere: Lower Atmosphere; Faint Red Glow Corona: Outer Atmosphere; Plasma Cloud; Over 1,000,000°C

15. Chromosphere and Corona during Eclipse

16. Mercury Mass (x Earth) 0.05 Radius (x Earth) 0.38 Mean Density 5.42 Mean Surface Temperature 179°C Distance from Sun (AU) 0.39 Rotational Period (Days) 58.6 Orbital Period (Days) 88.0 Tilt of Axis 0.0

17. Mercury

18. Venus Mass (x Earth) 0.81 Radius (x Earth) 0.95 Mean Density 5.25 Mean Surface Temperature 482°C Distance from Sun (AU) 0.72 Rotational Period (Days) 243 Orbital Period (Days) 225 Tilt of Axis 177

19. Venus

20. Venus

21. Earth Mass (x Earth) 1 Radius (x Earth) 1 Mean Density 5.52 Mean Surface Temperature 15°C Distance from Sun (AU) 1 Rotational Period (Days) 1 Orbital Period (Days) 365 Tilt of Axis 23

22. Mars Mass (x Earth) 1.07 Radius (x Earth) 0.53 Mean Density 3.94 Mean Surface Temperature -63°C Distance from Sun (AU) 1.52 Rotational Period (Days) 1.02 Orbital Period (Days) 687 Tilt of Axis 25

23. Mars

24. Planetary Cores and Magnetic Fields

25. Mars

26. Jupiter Mass (x Earth) 318 Radius (x Earth) 11.2 Mean Density 1.33 Mean Cloud Temperature -121°C Distance from Sun (AU) 5.2 Rotational Period (Days) 0.41 Orbital Period (Days) 4333 Tilt of Axis 3

27. Jupiter

28. Io

29. Europa

30. Saturn Mass (x Earth) 95.2 Radius (x Earth) 9.45 Mean Density 1.29 Mean Cloud Temperature -125°C Distance from Sun (AU) 9.54 Rotational Period (Days) 0.43 Orbital Period (Days) 10,753 Tilt of Axis 25

31. Saturn

32. Enceladus

33. Uranus Mass (x Earth) 1.45 Radius (x Earth) 4.01 Mean Density 1.29 Mean Cloud Temperature -193°C Distance from Sun (AU) 19.2 Rotational Period (Days) 0.75 Orbital Period (Days) 30,664 Tilt of Axis 98

34. Neptune Mass (x Earth) 1.71 Radius (x Earth) 3.88 Mean Density 1.64 Mean Cloud Temperature -193°C Distance from Sun (AU) 30.1 Rotational Period (Days) 0.67 Orbital Period (Days) 60,152 Tilt of Axis 30

35. Pluto Mass (x Earth) 0.022 Radius (x Earth) 0.18 Mean Density 2.05 Mean Cloud Temperature Distance from Sun (AU) 39.5 Rotational Period (Days) 6.4 Orbital Period (Days) 90,717 Tilt of Axis 123

36. Pluto and Charon

37. Definition of a Planet Set in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) states that in the Solar System a planet is a celestial body that: Set in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) states that in the Solar System a planet is a celestial body that:2006International Astronomical UnionSolar Systemplanetcelestial body2006International Astronomical UnionSolar Systemplanetcelestial body is in orbit around the Sun,is in orbit around the Sun,orbitSunorbitSun has sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (a nearly round shape), andhas sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (a nearly round shape), andhydrostatic equilibriumhydrostatic equilibrium has "cleared the neighbourhood" around its orbit.has "cleared the neighbourhood" around its orbit.cleared the neighbourhoodcleared the neighbourhood

38. Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud