1. Shinnosuke Kakimoto Hiroyuki Tashiro Ryo Hatayama Rina Takashima Hiroaki Sasaki Nicholas Bunce Calum Leslie Rosemary Pike Shaun Miller

2. What is Nanotechnology? Nanotechnology is the design, characterisation, production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanoscale from wikipedia.com

3. Misconceptions Nanotechnology is NOT fancy robots repairing cells in a body… The “Grey Goo” theory is NOT true…

4. 1 metre 1 millimetre 1 micrometer 1 nanometre

5. Observations and measurements: Compare and use Microscopes Used a Focused ion beam (FIB) Took lots of images of structures and samples.

7. No computer required Camera Light source

8. Advantages: Instant image Cheap to buy (only several thousands) Colour image Disadvantages: Low resolution (few micrometers) Low magnification

9. Uses electrons fired onto the surface Detects ‘back scattered’ electrons to create a computerised image

10. Advantages: High vacuum = high resolution (5nm) Relatively quick image Average price (early 100 thousands) Disadvantages: Destroys biological samples Beam damage Lack of colour

12. 5 microns

13. 500 nanometres

14. Electron microscope – but for biological stuff… You can even put live bugs in it!

15. Disadvantages: Lower resolution than normal SEM More expensive than original SEM Advantages: Biological samples do not become damaged Very low pressure not required

19. 20 microns

21. Electron microscope that fires electrons through the sample…

22. Disadvantages: Very expensive (millions) Large amount of energy used Very low pressures Advantages: Very high resolution (0.1nm) No limit on sample type

23. “Works like a blind man reads Braille” Uses a needle and cantilever

24. Advantages: Able to obtain 3D image Very high resolution Disadvantages: Takes a very long time to produce an image – at least 10 minutes

25. This is SEM with focused ion beam device.

28. 1mm These are our photos!

30. This drawing was designed by ourselves and was “milled” by FIB. This photo was taken with using SEM. This is the character of a Japanese cartoon.

31. This is very tiny portrait of Rosemary. It was also milled by FIB. Different shades are shown on the image by how deep the beam mills. This is shown by this 3D image.

32. Uses and futures of Nanotechnology Carbon nanotubes -To replace carbon fibres -Used to build computer components Strong and very conductive. Cancer diagnosis Transparent Sunscreen

33. Conclusion Nanotechnology has many important uses, and much research is still being done into its potential. Measurement and microscopy is the key!