1. 1 Technological standards, communications protocols, security technology Packet Switching, Web Protocols, HTML, HTTP, HTTPS and HTTS Public and Private Key Encryption

2. 2 The Technology … Internet Webopedia  Today’s Internet grew out of early defense and university network technologies, e.g., DARPANET  The Internet is a massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure. It connects millions of computers together globally, forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other computer as long as they are both connected to the Internet. The Internet and the World Wide Web (aka the Web) are not synonymous. The Internet and the Web are two separate but related things

3. 3 The Technology … Internet The Internet went public in 1991 The first commercial browser appeared in 1994, replacing gopher or web-crawler technology for finding information

4. 4 The Technology …World Wide Web The Internet and World Wide Web (a.k.a. the Web) are not synonymous. The Internet and the Web are two separate but related things.  The World Wide Web, or simply Web, is a way of accessing information over the medium of the Internet. It is an information-sharing model that is built on top of the Internet. The Web uses the HTTP protocol, only one of the languages spoken over the Internet, to transmit data. Web services, which use HTTP to allow applications to communicate in order to exchange business logic, use the Web to share information. The Web also utilizes browsers to access Web documents called Web pages that are linked to each other via hyperlinks Webopedia

5. 5 The Technology … TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, is a suite of communications protocols used to connect hosts on the Internet. TCP/IP the de facto standard for transmitting data over networks.  The IP protocol specifies the format of packets or datagrams  TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data. TCP guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees that packets will be delivered in the same order in which they were sent

6. 6 Internet / Web Technology Search engines Portals HyperText Markup Language (HTML) eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

7. 7 Internet / Web Technology, Cont Search engines  A program that searches documents for specified keywords and returns a list of the documents where the keywords were found.  Typically, a search engine works by sending out a spider to fetch as many documents as possible. Another program, called an indexer, then reads these documents and creates an index based on the words contained in each document. Portals HyperText Markup Language (HTML) eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

8. 8 Internet / Web Technology, Cont Search engines Portals  Commonly referred to as simply a portal, a site or service that offers a broad array of resources and services, such ase-mail; information access, chat rooms, and on-line shopping malls. The first Web portals were on-line, such as AOL and Compu-Serve, that provided access to the internet, but by now most of the traditional search engines have transformed themselves into Web portals to attract and keep a larger audience. HyperText Markup Language (HTML) eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

9. 9 Internet / Web Technology, Cont Search engines Portals HyperText Markup Language (HTML)  The authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web. HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags and attributes.  The correct structure for an HTML document starts with (enter here what document is about) and ends with.  All the information you'd like to include in your Web page fits in between the and tags. eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

10. 10 Internet / Web Technology, Cont Search engines Portals HyperText Markup Language (HTML) eXtensible Markup Language (XML):  A specification developed by the World Wide Web Consortium. XML is a pared-down version of SGML, designed especially for Web documents.  XML allows designers to create their own customized tags, enabling the definition, transmission, validation, and interpretation of data between applications and between organizations.

11. 11 Metcalfe’s law Metcalfe’s law makes e-Commerce work  Value of network proportional to n, the number of users: (n 2 - n)/2  Increasing returns to internet users as more join network