1. PHYLUM CHORDATA notochord dorsal, hollow nerve tube gill slits post anal tail

3. Two Invertebrate Chordates Urochordates –sea squirts or tunicates Cephalochordates –lancelets or amphioxus

8. VERTEBRATES Possess backbones – replaces the notochord

9. Jawless Fish – Class Agnatha hagfish lamprey

11. Cartilagenous Fish – Class Chondrichthyes skates, rays and sharks

12. Class Chondrichthyes

13. Cartilagenous Fish – Class Chondrichthyes skeletons made of tough elastic cartilage negatively buoyant some of the active sharks must swim to breathe

14. Bony Fish – Class Osteichthyes most numerous and successful of all vertebrates

16. Bony Fish – Class Osteichthyes swim bladders countercurrent exchange operculum body shape effects the efficiency of movement

20. Amphibians not found in marine environments

21. Marine Reptiles Sea turtles, sea snakes, marine iguanas, marine crocodiles

23. Figure 9.05 Marine iguana – 1 of 2 marine reptiles (other = crocodile)

24. Marine Reptiles ectothermic covered with scales breathe air with lungs, have specialized salt glands to excrete excess salt taken in from seawater

25. Marine Birds Class Aves Albatrosses, pelicans, gulls, terns, puffins and penguins are endotherms, also have salt secreting glands

29. Marine Mammals mammary glands hair endothermic streamlined bodies

30. Marine Mammals breathe air using lungs modified respiratory & circulatory system system osmotic adaptations

31. Marine Mammals Cetaceans –porpoises, dolphins and whales

33. Humpback Whale

34. Beluga Whale

35. Bottlenose Dolphin

36. Marine Mammals There are 3 groups –#1 Pinnipeds (sea lions, seals and walruses)

38. Elephant Seals

39. Figure 9.11

40. Marine Mammals #2 Sirenia –manatees- only herbivorous marine mammal

42. Marine Mammals #3 Carnivora –seals, sea lions, walruses, sea otters and polar bears