1. Dewey Decimal Classification System Lecture 1 Bair-Mundy

2. Melvil Dewey Librarian at Amherst College when he developed the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system A Classification and Subject Index for Cataloguing and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a Library published in 1876 Original was 44 pages long 1851-1931

3. DDC today  Four volumes  Published every 8 years  Online version updated frequently  Responsive to customer needs

4. Four volumes of DDC 22 Volume 1 Manual Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual + Tables Schedules Relative Index

5. Two features introduced by Dewey Relative location - Dewey system numbers books in terms of their relation to one another without regard to the shelves or rooms where they are placed Relative index - Brings together under one term the locations in the scheme of a subject which falls in several fields of study 000999

6. Two ways to find a number in the schedules  Summaries  Front of schedules (Volume 2)  Ten main classes  Hundred divisions  Thousand sections  Relative index  Last volume (Volume 4)  Relates subjects to disciplines

7. The Dewey Decimal System Advantage: Orderly, hierarchical system that organizes the universe of knowledge Disadvantage: Based on the decimal system. The real world isn’t neatly divided into tens (e.g. periodical table)

8. Francis Bacon W.T. Harris Dewey Philosophy (Reason) Poesy (Imagination) History (Memory) (Inverted) Science Philosophy Religion Soc. & Pol. Sci. Natural Sci. Art Fine arts Poetry Pure fiction Literary misc. History Geography & Travel Science Philosophy Religion Sociology Science Art Fine arts Literature History Geography & Travel

9. Summaries Volume 1 Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual

10. First summary The Ten Main Classes 000Computer science, information & general works 100Philosophy & psychology 200Religion 300Social sciences 400Language 500Science 600Technology 700Arts& recreation 800Literature 900History & geography

11. Ten main classes 000Computer science, information & general works 100Philosophy & psychology 200Religion 300Social sciences 400Language 500Science 600Technology 700Arts& recreation 800Literature 900History & geography The first digit in the number indicates the main class. Zeros are used to fill out the notation to the minimum required length of digits.

12. Ten main classes 000Computer science, information & general works 100Philosophy & psychology 200Religion 300Social sciences 400Language 500Science 600Technology 700Arts& recreation 800Literature 900History & geography

13. Ten main classes 000Computer science, information & general works 100Philosophy & psychology 200Religion 300Social sciences 400Language 500Science 600Technology 700Arts& recreation 800Literature 900History & geography Includes 020 Library and information sciences

14. Second summary The Hundred Divisions 000Computer science, knowledge & systems 010Bibliographies 020Library & information sciences 030Encyclopedias & books of facts 040[Unassigned] 050Magazines, journals & serials 060Associations, organizations & museums 070News media, journalism & publishing 080Quotations 090Manuscripts & rare books [040][Unassigned] Most recently used in Edition 16

15. Second summary The Hundred Divisions 200Religion 210Philosophy & theory of religion 220The Bible 230Christianity & Christian theology 240Christian practice & observance 250Christian pastoral practice & religious orders 260Christian organization, social work & worship 270History of Christianity 280Christian denominations 290Other religions

16. Second summary The Hundred Divisions 500Science 510Mathematics 520Astronomy 530Physics 540Chemistry 550Earth sciences & geology 560Fossils & prehistoric life 570Life sciences; biology 580Plants (Botany) 590Animals (Zoology)

17. Second summary The Hundred Divisions 570Life sciences; biology Subordinate topic forms main part of the disciplinary area Dual heading

18. Second summary The Hundred Divisions 500Science 510Mathematics 520Astronomy 530Physics 540Chemistry 550Earth sciences & geology 560Fossils & prehistoric life 570Life sciences; biology 580Plants (Botany) 590Animals (Zoology) 530Physics 5 = Science3 = Physics

19. Second summary The Hundred Divisions 600Technology 610Medicine & health 620Engineering 630Agriculture 640Home & family management 650Management & public relations 660Chemical engineering 670Manufacturing 680Manufacture for specific uses 690Building & construction

20. Second summary The Hundred Divisions 900History 910Geography & travel 920Biography & genealogy 930History of ancient world (to ca. 499) 940History of Europe 950History of Asia 960History of Africa 970History of North America 980History of South America 990History of other areas

21. Third summary The Thousand Sections 020Library & information sciences 021Library relationships 022Administration of physical plant 023Personnel management 024[Unassigned] 025Library operations 026Libraries for specific subjects 027General libraries 028Reading & use of other information media 029[Unassigned] [024][Unassigned] Most recently used in Edition 18 [029][Unassigned] Most recently used in Edition 18

22. Third summary The Thousand Sections 530Physics 531Classical mechanics; solid mechanics 532Fluid mechanics; liquid mechanics 533Gas mechanics 534Sound & related vibrations 535Light & infrared & ultraviolet phenomena 536Heat 537Electricity & electronics 538Magnetism 539Modern physics 534 Sound & related vibrations 3 = Physics 5 = Science 4 = Sound

23. Move to applied sciences Volume 1 Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual

24. 600 600Technology (Applied sciences) SUMMARY 601Philosophy and theory 602Miscellany 603Dictionaries, encyclopedias… 604Technical drawing, hazardous materials technology, history… 605Serial publications … See also 303.483 for technology as a cause of cultural change…

25. 600 600Technology (Applied sciences) SUMMARY 601Philosophy and theory 602Miscellany 603Dictionaries, encyclopedias… 604Technical drawing, hazardous materials technology, history… 605Serial publications … See also 303.483 for technology as a cause of cultural change…

26. 630Dewey Decimal Classification630 630Agriculture and related technologies SUMMARY 630.1-.9Standard subdivisions 631Specific technologies; apparatus….2Agricultural structures.3Tools, machinery, apparatus….4Soil science.5Cultivation and harvesting Standard subdivisions are added for agriculture and related technologies together, for agriculture alone Class here interdisciplinary works on plants of agricultural importance…farming…

27. 630Dewey Decimal Classification630 [.15] Scientific principles Do not use; class in 630.21-630.29.2Miscellany and scientific principles.201Tabulated, illustrative, related materials; humorous treatment; audiovisual treatment.201 1-.201 2Tabulated, illustrative, related materials [ ] Square brackets mean "Do not use"

28. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631 631Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment, materials For plant injuries, diseases, pests, see 632; for specific techniques, apparatus, equipment, materials for specific plant crops, see 633-635; … Topics common to plant and animal husbandry or limited to plant culture Class comprehensive works on apparatus, equipment, materials used in a specific auxiliary technique or procedure in 630.208, e.g., computers 630.2085 Explanatory material

29. 621 Engineering and allied operations 621.93Cutting, disassembling, sawing tools Including axes, crowbars, scissors, shears, slicers, trimmers

30. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631.4Soil science Class here interdisciplinary works on soils.41Soil chemistry.416Inorganic chemistry.417 Organic chemistry Including humus Class here soil biochemistry.42Soil fertility, acidity, alkalinity 631.417 What does this mean? 6?6?

31. Start with our summaries Volume 1 Manual Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index

32. 000Computer science, information & general works 100Philosophy & psychology 200Religion 300Social sciences 400Language 500Science 600Technology 700Arts& recreation 800Literature 900History & geography First summary The Ten Main Classes

33. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631.4Soil science Class here interdisciplinary works on soils.41Soil chemistry.416Inorganic chemistry.417 Organic chemistry Including humus Class here soil biochemistry.42Soil fertility 631.417 What does this mean? 6Technology 63?63?

34. Second summary The Hundred Divisions 600Technology 610Medicine & health 620Engineering 630Agriculture 640Home & family management 650Management & public relations 660Chemical engineering 670Manufacturing 680Manufacture for specific uses 690Building & construction

35. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631.4Soil science Class here interdisciplinary works on soils.41Soil chemistry.416Inorganic chemistry.417 Organic chemistry Including humus Class here soil biochemistry.42Soil fertility 631.417 What does this mean? 6Technology 63 Agriculture 631 ?

36. Third summary The Thousand Sections 630Agriculture & related technologies 631Techniques, equipment & materials 632Plant injuries, diseases, pests 633Field & plantation crops 634Orchards, fruits, & forestry 635Garden crops (Horticulture) 636Animal husbandry 637Processing dairy & related products 638Insect culture 639Hunting, fishing, & conservation

37. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631.4Soil science Class here interdisciplinary works on soils.41Soil chemistry.416Inorganic chemistry.417 Organic chemistry Including humus Class here soil biochemistry.42Soil fertility 631.417 6Technology 63 Agriculture 631 Techniques, equipment, & materials ? 631.4 ?

38. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631.4Soil science Class here interdisciplinary works on soils.41Soil chemistry.416Inorganic chemistry.417 Organic chemistry Including humus Class here soil biochemistry.42Soil fertility 631.417 6Technology 63 Agriculture 631 Techniques, equipment, & materials ? 631.4 ? Soil science

39. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631.4Soil science Class here interdisciplinary works on soils.41Soil chemistry.416Inorganic chemistry.417 Organic chemistry Including humus Class here soil biochemistry.42Soil fertility 631.417 6Technology 63 Agriculture 631 Techniques, equipment, & materials 631.4 Soil science 631.41? Soil chemistry

40. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631.4Soil science Class here interdisciplinary works on soils.41Soil chemistry.416Inorganic chemistry.417 Organic chemistry Including humus Class here soil biochemistry.42Soil fertility 631.417 6Technology (applied science) 63Agriculture and related technologies 631Specific techniques… materials 631.4Soil science 631.41Soil chemistry 631.417Organic chemistry 631.417 Organic chemistry of soils

41. 631 Agriculture and related technologies 631.53Plant propagation Class here comprehensive works on plant propagation and nursery practices.531Propagation from seeds (Sowing).532Propagation from bulbs and tubers.533 Propagation from suckers, runners, buds.534Propagation by layering.535 Propagation from cuttings and slips.536Transplanting

42. Using the Relative Index Volume 1 Manual Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index

43. Relative Index Persuasion303.342 logic168 political science320.014 psychology153.852 rhetoric808 social process303.342 100Philosophy & psychology 300Social sciences 800Literature Class numbers (not page numbers)

44. Relative Index Publicity Publishers 070.5 biography070.509 2 biography070.509 2 business organizations 338.761 070 5 occupational ethics174.907 relations with authors070.52 Publishers' catalogs015 Publishing070.5 accounting657.84 journalism070.5 law343.099 8 Pubs647.95 Previous subject Change to totally new subject Publishing law

45. Relative Index Punctuation411 specific languagesT4—11 T4 refers to Table 4 –11 are digits to be appended to a number in the schedule

46. Relative Index MexicansT5—687 2 Mexico972 T2—72 Mexico (Mexico)T2—725 2 Mexico, Gulf of551.463 4 T2—163 64 Mexico in the twentieth century

47. 972 General history of North America 972 972Middle AmericaMexico SUMMARY 972.000 1–.000 9Standard subdivisions of Middle America.001–.009Standard subdivisions of Mexico.01–.08Historical periods of Mexico Mexico in the twentieth century

48. Classifying in Dewey - getting started  Look up your topic in Relative Index or use the summaries  Go to the schedule  Check in the hierarchy to make sure the topic is contextually correct  Write the number down and follow any additional instructions

49. An illustrated book of farmhouses 631.21 6Technology 63Agriculture 631Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment, materials 631.2Agricultural structures 631.21Farm houses

50. The scientific principles of crop rotation 631.582 6Technology 63Agriculture 631Specific techniques… 631.5Cultivation and harvesting 631.58 Special methods 631.582 Crop rotation How do we add the idea of scientific principles?

51. Four volumes of DDC 21 Volume 1 Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual

52. Table 1. Standard Subdivisions The following notation is never used alone, but may be used as required with any regular schedule number, e.g., workbooks (—07 in this table) in arithmetic (513): 513.076. When adding to a number from the schedules, always insert a decimal point between the third and fourth digits of the complete number.

53. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 SUMMARY —01Philosophy and theory —02Miscellany —03Dictionaries, encyclopedias, concordances —04Special topics —05Serial publications —06Organizations and management —07Education, research, related topics —08History and description with respect to kinds of persons —09Historical, geographic, persons treatment

54. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —01Philosophy and theory Class here methodology, schools of thought Class interdisciplinary works on philosophy in 100 —011Systems —012Classification … —014Language and communication … —0148Abbreviations and symbols —015Scientific principles Use of science to analyze and describe the subject… The scientific principles of crop rotation 631.582015 Crop rotation

55. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —02Miscellany … —020 2Synopses and outlines Including chronologies Class works called synopses and outlines that are regular treatises or introductions to a subject in 001-999 without use of notation 0202 from Table 1; class interdisciplinary chronologies in 902.02 —020 7Humorous treatment Crop rotation cartoons 631.582 Crop rotation 0207 space between numbers just for legibility; don't record in call number

56. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —(026)Law (Optional number; prefer 341- 347) … Do not use the optional number! Use the preferred number.

57. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —03Dictionaries, encyclopedias, concordances … —04Special topics Use this subdivision only when it is specifically set forth in the schedules…. Use —04 only when told to do so in the schedules

58. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —05Serial publications Regardless of form (print or electronic) or frequency Class here house organs, magazines, newspapers, yearbooks… —06Organizations and management Class here Greek-letter societies…student organizations…; history, charters, regulations, membership lists, administrative reports …

59. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —07Education, research, related topics Including programmed texts Class here subject-oriented study programs… … —072Research; statistical methods Class here laboratory manuals used in research, research techniques not provided for elsewhere in Table 1, comprehensive works on scientific method

60. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —09Historical, geographic, persons treatment … SUMMARY —090 05Serial publications —090 1–090 5 Historical periods —091Treatment by areas, regions, places in general —092Persons —093–099Treatment by specific continents, countries, localities; extraterrestrial worlds

61. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —090 1To 499 A.D. —090 12To 4000 B.C. —090 133999 – 1000 B.C. —090 14999 – 1 B.C. —090 151st – 5th centuries, 1– 499 —090 26th – 15th centuries, 500-1499 Class here Middle Ages (Medieval period) —090 216th – 12 centuries, 500- 1199 —090 2213th century, 1200-1299 —090 2314th century, 1300-1399

62. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —092Persons Biography, autobiography, descriptions and critical appraisal of work, diaries, reminiscences, correspondence of persons regardless of area, region, or place who are part of the subject or who study the subject, e.g., biographers, collectors, leaders and followers, practitioners and clients, scholars

63. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —093–099Treatment by specific continents, countries, localities; extraterrestrial worlds … Add "Areas" notation 3–9 from Table 2 to base number —09, e.g. the subject in United States —0973, in Brazil —0981, in North America —097. Crop rotation in the United States 631.582 Crop rotation 0973 United States

64. Frequently-Used Standard Subdivisions (from Table 1) —01Philosophy and theory —03Dictionaries, encyclopedias, concordances —05Serial publications —06Organizations and management —07Education, research, related topics —072Research; statistical methods —09Historical, geographic, persons treatment —092Persons —093–099Treatment by specific continents, countries, localities; extraterrestrial worlds

65. ‘ 659 Management and auxiliary services 659 659Advertising and public relations Class here publicity.1Advertising.104Special topics of advertising.104 2Social aspects of advertising

66. Adding specificity - Table 1  Add (concatenate) to any number from schedule  Only one standard subdivision allowed  Use —04 only when directed to do so  Consult table of preference when two or more subdivisions appear applicable Standard Subdivisions

67. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions (continued) Unless other instructions are given, observe the following table of preference, e.g. language and communication in education and research —07 (not —014): Special topics—04 Persons—092 … Education, research, related topics —07 Management—068 … Humorous treatment—0207 …

68. Adding subdivisions - number of zeros (1)  If there is no indication to the contrary, use one zero for the standard subdivision:  398.609 History of riddles

69. Adding subdivisions - number of zeros (2)  Notation in the number column  Footnotes leading to an add table where subdivisions are supplied  Footnotes from the add instruction itself stipulating the use of extra zeros Types of instructions to indicate when different number of zeros must be used:

70. 321 Systems of governments and states 321 321Systems of governments and states Including heads of state and administration Class here kinds of states ….001–.009Standard subdivisions.01Systems of relating parts of a state to the whole Systems of government journal 321. Systems of govt. 005 Serial publications From Table 1: —05standard subdivision for serial publications

71. 600 Technology (Applied sciences) 600 601Philosophy and theory 602Miscellany [.72]Patents Do not use; class in 608.75Trademarks and service marks.9Commercial miscellany 603Dictionaries, encyclopedias, concordances 604Technical drawing, hazardous materials technology… Technology jokes 6 Technology —020 7standard subdivision for humorous treatment 0207 humorous treatment 02.07

72. 502 Natural sciences and mathematics 502 506Organizations and management 507Education, research, related topics.2Research; statistical methods.8Use of apparatus and equipment in study and teaching Class here science fair projects, science projects in schools 508Natural history Do not use for history and description of natural sciences and mathematics with respect to groups of persons; class in 500.8 Class here description and surveys of phenomena in nature

73. 334 Economics 334 334 Cooperatives.1Housing cooperatives Class here building cooperatives….2Banking and credit cooperatives.22Credit unions.5Consumer cooperatives A directory of housing cooperatives 334.1 Housing cooperatives —025standard subdivision for directories 025

74. 335 Economics 335 335 Socialism and related systems Standard subdivisions are added for socialism and related systems together, for socialism alone Class here schools of thought featuring planned economies… ….001–.009Standard subdivisions.02Utopian systems and schools Philosophy and theory of socialism 335 Socialism —01standard subdivision for philosophy and theory.001

75. 618 Medical sciences Medicine 618.9 Pediatrics and geriatrics.92Pediatrics Medicine for infants and children up to puberty… ….920 001–.920 007Standard subdivisions As modified under 616.1–616.9.920 008History with respect to kinds of persons of persons Dictionary of pediatrics 618.92 Pediatrics —03standard subdivision for dictionaries 0003

76. Four volumes of DDC 21 Volume 1 Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual

77. Table 2. Geographic Areas, Historical Periods, Persons The following numbers are never used alone, but may be used as required (either directly when so noted or through the interposition of notation 09 from Table 1) with any number from the schedules, e.g. wages (331.29) in Japan (—52 in this table): 331.2952 …

78. T2 Table 2. Areas, Periods, Persons T2 SUMMARY —001–009Standard subdivisions —01–05Historical periods —1Areas, regions, places in general… —11Frigid zones —12Temperate zones… … —2Persons —22Collected treatment —3The ancient world —31China

79. T2 Table 2. Areas, Periods, Persons T2 —4Europe Western Europe —41British Isles —42England and Wales —43Central Europe Germany —44 France and Monaco —45Italian Peninsula and adjacent islands Italy … —5Asia Orient Far East —51China and adjacent areas —52Japan —53Arabian Peninsula …

80. T2 Table 2. Areas, Periods, Persons T2 —4–9Modern world; extraterrestrial worlds Class comprehensive works on specific jurisdictions, regions, or features extending over more than one country, state, county, or other unit and identified by * with the unit where noted in this table… —4Europe Western Europe

81. T2 Table 2. Areas, Periods, Persons T2 SUMMARY —41British Isles —411Scotland —412Northeastern Scotland —413Southeastern Scotland —414Southwestern Scotland —415Ireland —416Ulster Northern Ireland —417Republic of Ireland (Eire) —418Leinster —419Munster —42England and Wales —421Greater London

82. Adding specificity - Table 2  Add number for geographic area from Table 2 when directed to do so in schedule or  Add —09 standard subdivision from Table 1, then for locale from Table 2 Two ways to utilize

83. Our book: Local taxes in Selby

84. Where do we find numbers for taxes? Volume 1 Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual

85. 336 Economics 336.201 41Local taxes in areas, regions, places in general….201 43–.201 49Local taxes in specific continents, countries, states and provinces Add to base number 336.2014 notation 3–9 from Table 2, e.g., local taxes in Pennsylvania 336.2014748 Local taxes in Selby 336.2014 Local taxes in locality Go to Table 2

86. T2 Table 2. Areas, Periods, Persons T2 —428 4North Yorkshire and York City —428 41Craven District —428 42Harrogate Borough —428 43York City —428 45Selby District —428 46Ryedale District Local taxes in Selby 336.2014 42845 Local taxes (schedule) +Selby (Table 2) Local taxes

87. 796 Recreational and performing arts 796.72Automobile racing.7206Organizations, facilities, management.720 68Racetracks and speedways Do not use for management; class in 796.72069 Add to base number 796.72068 notation 1–9 from Table 2, e.g. Indianapolis Motor Speedway 796.7206877252 Automobile Racetracks in Loch Lomond 796.72068 Racetracks & speedways Go to Table 2

88. Looking for Loch Lomond Volume 1 Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual

89. Relative Index Loch Broom (Scotland)T2―411 52 Loch Lomond (Scotland)T2—414 2 Loch Ness (Scotland)T2—411 56 Loch Ness monster001.944 Lochaber (Scotland)T2—411 56 Lockouts331.894 Automobile Racetracks in Loch Lomond 796.72068 Racetracks & speedways

90. Four volumes of DDC 21 Volume 1 Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual

91. T2 Table 2. Areas, Periods, Persons T2 —414 2Argyll and Bute Class here western part of former Dumbarton District; Campbeltown, Dunoon, Helensburgh, Oban; Loch Lomond Racetracks (schedule) + Loch Lomond (Table 2) Automobile Racetracks in Loch Lomond 796.72068 Racetracks & speedways 4142

92. 796 Recreational and performing arts 796.73Automobile rallies.75Motorcycle and motor scooter racing.756Motocross.76Midget car racing (Karting) Motorcycle racing in Loch Lomond 796.75 Motorcycle racing Go to Table 1

93. Four volumes of DDC 21 Volume 1 Tables Volume 2 000-599 Volume 3 600-999 Volume 4 Index Manual

94. T1 Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1 —093–099Treatment by specific continents, countries, localities; extraterrestrial worlds History and description by place, by specific instance of the subject Add to base number —09 notation 3–9 from Table 2… Motorcycle racing in Loch Lomond 796.75 Motorcycle racing 09 Go to Table 2

95. T2 Table 2. Areas, Periods, Persons T2 Motorcycle racing (schedule) By locality (Table 1) Motorcycle racing in Loch Lomond 796.7509 Loch Lomond (Table 2) 4142 Motorcycle racing by locality —414 2Argyll and Bute Class here western part of former Dumbarton District; Campbeltown, Dunoon, Helensburgh, Oban; Loch Lomond