1. China has a long musical tradition

2. You’re looking to understand some key concepts

3. Your risk feeling overwhelmed if you do not

4. You want your understanding to improve

5. Focus on China’s politics, instruments, and cultural diversity

6. A Billion and a Quarter People, Includes 56 Recognized Minorities

7. Beijing

8. Jingju means the “capitol theater”

9. Peking Opera is the main type of Chinese popular musical theater

10. The Qin and Its Music

11. The Qin is a Chinese zither

12. Video

13. To which Western musical instrument would you compare qin practice, and why?

14. The Pipa and Its Music

15. The Pipa is a four-stringed lute

16. Video

17. What are some comparisons in the Western music repertoire to programmatic pipa music?

18. The erhu is a stringed instrument

19. Video

20. Wind and String Ensembles in Shanghai

21. Jiangnan sizhu is a type of Chinese chamber ensemble

22. Video

23. What could be a Western equivalent to Jiangnan sizhu?

24. Jingju Theater is Capital Theater or Peking Opera in the West

25. Jingju theater includes arias, recitative-like short phrases, and heightened speech

26. Video

27. Jingju instrumental music serves many functions

28. Wenchang literally means “civic instrumentation”

29. Wuchang are percussion instruments played to provide rhythmical punctuation

30. In what ways can we compare jingju to Western opera or a Broadway musical?

31. The Value and Functions of Music

32. The Value and Functions of Music are ancient and complex

33. Shi yin is proper sound

34. Chi yue equates to extravagant music

35. Is music used for propaganda in Canada?

36. Before 1949, professional musicians had low social status

37. New Musical Directions in the 20th Century

38. There are four key people who shaped music culture in 20th Century China

39. They are: Kang Youwei Xiao Youmei Zhao Yuanren and Jiang Qing

40. Why did the Communists during the Cultural Revolution (1966-76) utilize Western musical practices such as orchestration, harmony, ballet, and scenic design, in spite of being anti-Western?

41. The Rise of Popular Music

42. Shanghai popular song of the 1920s used jazz and western orchestration

43. Cantonese popular song is inspired by White rock of the 1950s

44. Xibeifeng means literally “northwestern wind”

45. Let’s not forget Cui Jian and Zhong Jinshu

46. How could we say that minority music affected mainstream music in our country the way it did in China?

47. Mongolian Music

48. Mongolian music has some unique instruments and singing styles

49. Key Concepts for the Unit

50. The Written Language is Important to Chinese Music

51. China has Highly Specific Musical Systems with Codification at Many Levels

52. Music and Politics Have Long Been Interconnected

53. Summary