1. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. CDMA450 1xEVDO Performance in Long-Distance Backhauls Sergiu Nedevschi, Sonesh Surana U.C. Berkeley

2. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. CDMA 450 CDMA2000 standard operating at 450MHz Advantages of 450MHz Better propagation, smaller loss Larger coverage per basestation, fewer basestations Universal coverage at reduced initial cost

3. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. CDMA 1xEV-DO EVolution Data Only Another channel dedicated to data transfer Leverages same RF characteristics as CDMA1xRTT Small incremental effort for upgrading to EV-D0 Characteristics: Download BW – 2.4Mbps max, 100-200kbps typical Upload BW – 155Kbps

4. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. CDMA450 1x EV-DO is Promising 450 MHz850MHz1900MHz Dense Urban2.81.80.8 Urban3.01.90.9 Suburban5.94.02.3 Rural19.414.08.8 Typical Pop/ KM 2 450 MHz850MHz1900MHz Dense Urban15000305,525126,26324,941 Urban7500175,36570,34115,783 Suburban1500135,65562,35219,729 Rural10097,78850,92120,119 Cell radius: Population per cell: Underserved Rural ? Solution: increase range even further !

5. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. Enhancing Performance at Cell Edge: Fixed vs. Mobile High-gain directional antennas 9-12 db Yagi antennas Enhanced transmit power device Problem with mobile devices: reverse link bottleneck Fixed local-loop phones: up to 2W (vs. 200mW mobile) Receive diversity Problem with mobile handsets: difficult to have small factor with 450MHz antennas for receive diversity Fixed phones: form factor non-important

6. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. ZAPP Network ROMANIA

7. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582.

10. Signal Quality

11. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. Signal Quality

12. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. Signal Quality

13. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. Upload Throughput

14. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. Download Throughput

15. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0326582. Conclusions In fixed settings, 1xEVDO in 450MHz band can be used for backhauls over 50Kms long Sites at 50Km getting 1.9Mbps (very close to maximum) Maximum distance limited by software Current limitations related to link asymmetry Addressed in 1xEV-DO rev. A Higher TX power for terminals required Both directive antennas and dual receive are essential in long-range performance Economically feasible?