1. Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using Lead-Bismuth Eutectic in MERIT Syringe Pump Van Graves October, 2007

2. 2Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Goal  Feasibility study to evaluate use of Lead- Bismuth Eutectic (LBE) free jet as a high- power target  Repeat of MERIT Hg jet experiment at CERN –20m/s, 1cm dia jet in 15T magnetic field –High-speed optical diagnostics

3. 3Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Some LBE References  Handbook on Lead-bismuth Eutectic Alloy and Lead Properties, Materials Compatibility, Thermal-hydraulics and Technologies –Nuclear Energy Agency document –http://www.nea.fr/html/science/reports/2007/nea6195-handbook.htmlhttp://www.nea.fr/html/science/reports/2007/nea6195-handbook.html  Thermophysical properties of lead and lead-bismuth eutectic –Sobolev, Journal of Nuclear Materials, V362 (2007), p235-247  Expansion of solidified lead bismuth eutectic –Glasbrenner et al, Journal of Nuclear Materials, V343 (2005), p341-348  Lead-bismuth eutectic recrystallization studies for the Megapie target –Zucchini et al, Journal of Nuclear Materials, V336 (2005), p291-298  Review of liquid metal corrosion issues for potential containment materials for liquid lead and lead-bismuth eutectic spallation targets as a neutron source –Park et al, Nuclear Engineering and Design, V196 (2000), p315-325

4. 4Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Hg – LBE Liquid Comparison ParameterUnitHg (@293K)LBE (@423K) Melting temperatureK234397.7 Latent heat of fusionkJ/kg11.638.6 Boiling temperatureK6301943 Latent heat of vaporizationkJ/kg295854 Densitykg/m^31354010536 Sound velocitym/s14071766 Isobaric specific heatJ/kg-K139149 Dynamic viscosityPa-s1.53E-032.94E-03 Electrical resistivityOhm-m0.96E-061.08E-06 Thermal conductivityW/m-K2.09.7

5. 5Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Heating/Cooling Issues  LBE solidification – Groeshel paper gives recommended cooling rate of 0.02 °C/min to prevent container damage (expansion rate reduced to 0.05%)  Entire primary flow path should be heated –Air temperature/pressure issues –Expansion cooling at nozzle –Precipitation/deposition on walls/windows  Hydraulic cylinder operation at 150 °C  Flange loosening from thermal cycles

6. 6Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Thermal Input  Energy required to heat LBE from 20C to 150C –Assumed volume = 15 L (158 kg) –Latent heat of fusion = 38.6 kJ/kg –Specific heat = 149 J/kg-K Raise temp from 20C to 125CE=m*c*dt2470 kJ Solid to liquidE=m*q6100 kJ Raise temp from 125C to 150CE=m*c*dt590 kJ Total 9160 kJ (8700 BTU)

7. 7Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump MERIT Syringe Pump Layout  Entire primary containment would have to be heated  Major safety issue if nozzle solidifies

8. 8Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Other Issues  Wetting – LBE on sapphire windows  Oxide formation  Seal compatibility – Viton seals used for Hg pump  Complete fluid removal from system  Filling/draining – flow path and containers should be heated  Containment materials

9. 9Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Health/Safety Considerations  Lead is the primary hazard  From LBE Handbook, –Permissible LBE exposure level 50-100μg/m 3 –Maximum allowable concentration 100-150 μg/m 3  Elevated temperatures for LBE handling  Systems we have in place for Hg vapors should be sufficient for LBE, perhaps different filters

10. 10Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Approach  Determine feasibility –Check design/materials/heating issues –Preliminary engineering concepts  LBE Wettability Study –Rudimentary experiments to verify compatibility with sapphire, lexan, etc. –Expect minimal amount of experimental hardware to be procured –Internal ORNL safety issues with handling LBE resolved  Fully developed engineering models, choose vendor parts  Detailed fabrication drawings  No hardware procurements in this phase

11. 11Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Using LBE in MERIT Syringe Pump Engineering Study Cost Estimate Item Estimated Cost Materials (LBE wetting study)$2K Labor (LBE wetting study)$23.6K Labor (Engineering design)$113K Labor (Engineering drawings)$7.8K Travel$6K Total$152.4K