2. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos1 Experimental High Enery Physics at Rockefeller particles quarks leptons force particles Higgs field…. life? cosmology extra dimensions dark matter dark energy black holes http://www.rockefeller.edu/events/string_fever/transcript.php

3. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos2 The laboratory 1970 HEP lab established on campus, R. Cool HOL 1971 KG Associate Professor 1070s CERN: co-establish existence of quarks Fermilab: confirm rising total cross sections 1980s Brookhaven: p scattering  evidence for Z 1981 KG  Prof. 1995 Fermilab: top-quark discovery (Luc Demortier) 1996 Fermilab: quark sub-structure search (Anwar Bhatti) 2000 Fermilab: running of strong coupling (Christina Mesropian) 2009 HERA @DESY lepto-quark search (Robert Ciesielski) 2009Fermilab top-quark mass (Jim Lungu) 2010Fermilab W-mass (Sarah Malik) 1971 -Diffraction – npQCD (KG+lab)  dark energy? Visiting fellow: Renata Rodrigues Adjunct faculty: Sebastian White, Michele Gallinaro, Valery Khoze Instrument shop: Vadim Sherman (supervisor), Josip Golia Admin. secretary: Janet Kallo current members 7+4+3 =1 4 http://physics.rockefeller.edu/dino/myhtml/students.html STUDENTS Higgs mass?

4. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos3 1970s @ CERN: evidence for quarks NY times, April 20, 1988

5. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos4 M  g = 0 M W, Z ~100 M p M top ~M gold RU and the SM Higgs field generates mass Glashow, Salam, and Weinberg – 1979 Nobel prize Fermilab 1995 CERN 1970s My PhD thesis@ CU 1962 (thesis ’63) BNL 1981  p    p evidence for q’s evidence for Z Z discovered directly in 1983 at CERN predict C in 1979 – Glashaw, Iliopoulos (RU), Miani

6. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos5 The big bang

7. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos6 History of the Universe

8. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos7 Blow-hole at Grand Cayman

9. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos8 black hole eats star!

10. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos9 Elementary Particles Aristotle 450 BC earth water air fire atom Demokritos 1869 periodic table Mendeleyev 1897 electron Thomson 1910 nucleus Rutherford 1962 quarks Gell-Mann  -particles Source  Rutherford Experiment Large angle scattering  atoms have nuclei

11. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos10 Searching for quark substructure at Fermilab Out of cone partons Decays, interactions in material, Magnetic field Calorimeter shower hadronization no substructure found down to ~ 10 -17 cm 10 ordres of magnitude!

12. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos11 SYMMETRY    n  p --  0 (1318)        (1384)  0 (1533) -- -- -- oo ++  ++ Strangeness: S u : I 3 = 1/2 S= 0 Q= 2/3 d : I 3 = -1/2 S= 0 Q= -1/3 s : I 3 = 0 S=-1 Q= -1/3 Isotopic spin: I 3 =Q-(B+S)/2 uudddu uus

13. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos12 String Theory Particles correspond to the vibration modes of a string in 10 dimensions Gravity is included! Pythagoras applied it to music in 400 BC: 1+2+3+4=10 http://www.aboutscotland.com/harmony/prop.html

14. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos13 The MiniPlugs @ CDF – made @RU

15. RU@LHC 24 May 2010 Experimental HEP at RU K. Goulianos14 MiniPlug Construction at Rockefeller About 1500 wavelength shifting fibers of 1 mm dia. are ‘strung’ through holes drilled in 36 lead plates sandwiched between reflective Al sheets and guided into bunches to be viewed individually by multi-channel photomultipliers.

16. QCD – Quantum Chromo-Dynamics The Theory of Strong Interactions COLOR FORCE u d u proton (colorless) asymptotic freedom - 1973 confinement Strong coupling 1 fermiDistance ss 1 0 ss