1. Metabolic Review Questions EXS 558 October 5, 2005

2. Review Question #1 1.) A 4-6 week endurance training regiment has been shown to have the following effect on myoglobin? a.) increased concentration in skeletal muscles b.) increased concentration in blood plasma levels c.) research studies can not positively corroborate any effect d.) decreased concentration in skeletal muscles

3. Review Question #2 2.) A 27 week endurance training program increased mitochondrial size by how much? a.) 25% b.) 35% c.) 45% d.) 55

4. Review Question #3 3.) How will succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) concentrations be affected from a marathon training program (~6 months)? a.) no effect – glycolytic enzymes are not affected b.) research studies have yet to determine the role of SDH c.) an initial three-fold increase that plateaus after 4 months d.) a linear response to training volume

5. Review Question #4, 5 4.) TRUE/FALSE Concentration of oxidative enzymes have been positively correlated with maximal aerobic capacity 5.) What does this signify? The fact that increased oxidative enzymes are NOT correlated with increased aerobic capacity suggests that other factors are responsible for improving aerobic capacity (i.e. capillary density).

6. Review Question #6 6.) Which of the following is NOT a reason for decreased reliance of fat as an energy substrate at higher intensities? a.) Inadequate transport of albumin b.) ↑ circulating FFA levels c.) ↓ rate of lipolysis of intramuscular trigylceride stores d.) ↓ uptake of circulating FFA by muscle

7. Review Question #7 7.) How will an endurance training program influence the utilization of fat? An endurance training program will allow fats to be oxidized and used for energy at higher intensities. This spares glycogen stores and prevents the buildup of lactate – all positive effects allowing exercise to continue for longer and at a higher intensity

8. Review Question #8 8.) TRUE/FALSE Endurance training can triple the amount of intramuscular stores of triglycerides.

9. Review Question #9 9.) List three positive metabolic adaptations as a result of endurance training on oxidative metabolism. 1.) increased capillary content 2.) increased oxidative enzyme concentration 3.) increased mitochondrial size and #

10. Review Question #10 10.) Explain how a high-intensity training program can increase blood lactate concentrations by 9.6%. A high-intensity training program increases the buffering capacity within muscle cells allowing a greater TOLERATION of lactic acid levels. Biocarbonates and muscle phosphates act as BUFFERS by combining with H + released from lactic acid.

11. Review Question #10