1. Requirements Analysis 5. 1 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved INFO2005 Requirements Analysis CASE Computer Aided Software Engineering Department of Information Systems

2. Requirements Analysis 5. 2 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Learning Objectives v Understand the use of various types of CASE in systems development v Describe the components of CASE tools and understand the relationships between them v Understand the use of CASE in Organisations v Understand the advantages and disadvantages of the use of CASE tools

3. Requirements Analysis 5. 3 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Documentation Standards v We need to record facts about the organisation we are studying and its requirements. –Records of interviews and observations. –Details of problems. –Existing documents and where they are used. –Details of requirements. –Details of users. –Minutes of meetings. v Visual modeling helps represent requirements

4. Requirements Analysis 5. 4 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Visual Modeling v ‘Visual modeling is the process of graphically depicting the system to be developed. Visual modeling allows you to present essential details of a complex problem and filter out the nonessential details. It also provides a mechanism for viewing the system to be developed from different perspectives.’ –Rational Rose 2000

5. Requirements Analysis 5. 5 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Visual Modeling v identify requirements and communicate information v focus on how system components interact, without getting bogged down in specific details v allow you to see relationships among design components v improve communication across your team through the use of a common, graphical language

6. Requirements Analysis 5. 6 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved What is CASE? “Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) are the software tools that provide automated support for some portion of the systems development process” (Hoffer,1999) v Includes: u Cross lifecycle CASE & I-CASE u Upper CASE & Lower CASE

7. Requirements Analysis 5. 7 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Categories of CASE Tools v Cross Lifecycle CASE v I-CASE (Integrated CASE) v Upper CASE v Lower CASE v Distinction much less with modern CASE

8. Requirements Analysis 5. 8 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Organisational use of CASE v Depending on the CASE tool, the following system development activities may be covered:

9. Requirements Analysis 5. 9 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Organisational use of CASE v Objectives of CASE u improve quality of developed systems u increase speed of systems development u improve testing process through automatic checking u integrate development activities (common methods) u improve documentation (quality and completeness) u standardise the development process u simplify program maintenance u promote reusability of modules & documentation u improve software portability across environments

10. Requirements Analysis 5. 10 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved CASE Tool Components v Vary depending on which CASE tool is considered but in general will include: u diagramming facilities u means of describing/defining functional and data objects u means of identifying relationships between system components u central repository of system information u error checking facilities (syntax errors)

11. Requirements Analysis 5. 11 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved CASE Tool Components u consistency and completeness checks u user interface generators u database specification u code generators u project management aids u documentation generators v May also provide features for group working, version control, interfacing facilities and security features

12. Requirements Analysis 5. 12 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved CASE Diagramming Tools v Diagramming facilities include: u checks for syntactic correctness u consistency & completeness checks u navigation to linked diagrams u data dictionary support u layering of system components u traceability of requirements u report generation u system simulation/performance analysis (models)

13. Requirements Analysis 5. 13 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Rational Suite Development Studio Rational Unified Process - development framework Rational Rose 2000 Enterprise - graphical component modeling and development tool Rational ClearQuest - defect tracking/change request management system. Rational Pure Coverage - pinpoints areas of code that have not been exercised during testing

14. Requirements Analysis 5. 14 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Rational Suite Development Studio  Rational Purify - pinpoints hard-to-find run-time errors in your applications  Rational Visual Quantify - advanced performance profiling tool  Rational RequisitePro - organize, prioritize, track and control changing requirements of a system or application.  Rational SoDA - automatic generation of software documentation

15. Requirements Analysis 5. 15 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Rational Rose v Rational Rose provides –Use Case –Class Diagrams –Activity Diagrams –Interaction Diagram (Both forms) –State Machine Diagram –Component Diagram –Deployment Diagram

16. Requirements Analysis 5. 16 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved CASE Diagramming Tools

17. Requirements Analysis 5. 17 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Rational Rose v Rose uses these diagrams in 4 views of the system –Use Case View –Logical View

18. Requirements Analysis 5. 18 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Rational Rose –Component View –Deployment View

19. Requirements Analysis 5. 19 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved CASE Repository v A repository is a centralised database containing all models (diagrams), data dictionary entries, form & report definitions and system & organisational information v Holds complete information to develop a system from initiation to maintenance v It is the nucleus of an I-CASE environment

20. Requirements Analysis 5. 20 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved CASE Repository CASE Repository Diagrams Documentation Forms and Reports Project Information Source and Object Code Standard Libraries Analysis & Testing Results

21. Requirements Analysis 5. 21 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved CASE Repository Use Case SpecificationsSpecifying an Actor

22. Requirements Analysis 5. 22 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved CASE Form/Report Generators v Automated generation of u data entry screens u reports u program code (eg Java, C++) –also reverse engineering of code u database schema

23. Requirements Analysis 5. 23 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Benefits of using CASE Tools v Automation of tedious tasks v Syntax/completeness checks ensure consistency v Amending/updating achieved far more easily v More rapid development

24. Requirements Analysis 5. 24 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Benefits of using CASE Tools v Capture of system data for reuse u particularly important for OO development v May guide the use of a methodology v Clearer communication with users v Continuity of development with changing staff v Standardised quality assurance/test procedures v Improvements in system quality v Reduction in defects increases morale

25. Requirements Analysis 5. 25 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Role of CASE in QA v CASE can help with: – adherence to standards, – integrity of documentation, – centrally held data dictionary, – fast capture of requirements, – quick modification to designs, – trace requirements from model to code, – guide the development process, – easy, consistent code-generation. v All important in maintaining quality

26. Requirements Analysis 5. 26 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Limitations of CASE v Limited flexibility in documentation v Development approach limited to fit capabilities of the CASE tool v Training and experience required v CASE prepared models may be more convincing but not reflect requirements

27. Requirements Analysis 5. 27 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Limitations of CASE v Front loaded cost of installation of CASE tool & training v Incomplete coverage of syntax/ consistency checks v Limited intelligence - no checks on overall quality or correctness

28. Requirements Analysis 5. 28 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved Summary v Understand the use of various types of CASE in systems development v Describe the components of CASE tools and understand the relationships between them v Consider Rational Rose as an exemplar CASE tool v Understand the use of CASE in Organisations v Understand the advantages and disadvantages of the use of CASE tools

29. Requirements Analysis 5. 29 CASE - 2005b505.ppt © Copyright De Montfort University 2000 All Rights Reserved References v Hoffer, J.A. et.al. “Modern Systems Analysis & Design” 2nd Ed. Addison-Wesley 1999 Ch4 pp107- 136 v Bennett, S. et. al. “Object-Oriented Systems Analysis & Design using UML” McGraw-Hill 1999 Ch3 pp55- 60 v Rational Rose Tutorial (In folder RoseTutorial) v Rational Rose Enterprise Edition v Rational Unified Process 2000