1. KamLand By Roy Lehn Omaha Roncalli

2. Means Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti- Neutrino Detector

3. Organizations Involved Nikolai Tolich Stanford University California Institute of Technology Drexel University IHEP, Beijing LBNL/UC Berkeley Louisiana State University Tohoku University TUNL University of Alabama University of Hawaii University of New Mexico University of Tennessee Hungary Japan U.S.A.

4. History Built in the mine that housed the pioneering Kamiokande experiment After 4 years’ construction and oil filling periods, KamLAND started data taking on January 22, 2002

5. Location On main island of Honshu Tohoku university in Sendai, Japan The detector is located 1000 meters underground in the Kamioka Mine in Japan

7. The main goal will be to investigate the possibility of neutrino oscillations by studying the flux and energy spectra of neutrinos produced by Japanese commercial nuclear reactors

9. KamLAND is also studying the disappearance of electron antineutrinos produced in nuclear reactors Detect antineutrinos from uranium and thorium beta decays inside the earth Nearly half of the planets heat is believed to come from such decays The comparisons with similar measurements from Borexino to calculate the ratio of uranium to thorium in the crust and mantle of the earth

10. Graphs

11. Cool Stuff It will be the first attempt to study the solar neutrino puzzle “in the laboratory” It will be the largest low-energy antineutrino detector ever built Liquid-scintillator allows us to probe lower neutrino energies than water Chernkov detectors It has a sensitive volume of 1000 cubic meters of scintillator The active scintillator volume is housed in a 2.5 m thick layer of ultra pure mineral oil that shields it from external neutron and gamma radiation. Scintillation light is picked up by an array of about 2000 specially developed photomultipliers achieving 3.5 ns time resolution using a very large (17 inch diameter) photocathode. The liquid scintillator, buffer oil, and photomultiplier tubes combine to weigh 3000 tons (6 million lbs)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

12. Scintillator Large light yield High purity Fast response Cheap Safe Systematic Uncertainty ~ 5%

18. Conclusions The detector has shown excellent performance Further studies on background reduction are ongoing for 7 Be solar neutrino detection. The detector is big It’s operating right now

19. Questions??? Ask me or…

20. Bib. Go here http://neutrino2002.ph.tum.de/pages/transpa rencies/suzuki/index.html http://neutrino2002.ph.tum.de/pages/transpa rencies/suzuki/index.html Or here www.awa.tohoku.ac.jp/KamLAND/index.ht ml www.awa.tohoku.ac.jp/KamLAND/index.ht ml