1. AUSTRON / Med - AUSTRON RECFA – Meeting Innsbruck March 26, 2004 M. Regler

2. Early History April 20, 1990: First presentation of a project frame at the RECFA Meeting at the Austrian Academy of Sciences by M. Regler (Co – author W. Mitaroff): Project for an international broad-field research and high-tech centre in Austria – AUSTRON The final specification of the project – a Spallation Source, was taken in April 1991 at a Meeting of the “Working Group on Science and Technology” of the “Central European Initiative” (CEI, former Hexagonale, former Pentagonale) in Bratislava October 1991: Workshop at CERN (hosted by C. Rubbia, organized by M. Regler): Quite detailed conceptual design report with a realistic cost estimate

3. Specifications Rapid Cycling Synchrotron 1.6 GeV / 25Hz / 100 kW with 4 kJ p/pulse on target; edge cooled target Medical facility with protons and carbon ions Total cost: 225 MEUR (prices 1991, without med. fac.) 1993/ 94: Feasibility Study (responsible: M. Regler, Accelerator group hosted at CERN with project leader Ph. Bryant (other members paid by Austria), project leader for target and experiments M. Schuster) Ready December 1994: 200 kW (by increased injection energy, 70 > 130 MeV, Nr. of protons p/pulse: 3.2*10 13 Separate Medical Facility similar to the EULIMA design

6. Continuation 1995 Continuation with a very small team at CERN and in Austria (much weekend support by Austrian staff members at CERN): 0.5 MW with a dual frequency magnet cycle (33/100 Hz); target still edge cooled (W5Re = Tungsten with 5% Rhenium) Foundation of the AUSTRON Society (Regler/Skalicky (rector of the Univ. of Technology Vienna)) Feasibility Study of a Medical stand - alone Facility financed by the City of Wiener Neustadt and the province of Lower Austria until 1999 Joint effort Med-AUSTRON – TERA – CERN resulting in the encouraging PIMMS study (Austria: 3 PhD students) Special Austrian contribution: Riesenradgantry

7. AUSTRON 1996 Hearing by the European Science Foundation 1997 recommendation to the Austrian Government to build AUSTRON after additional studies, mainly in the field of advanced and efficient instruments 1998: As a parallel result of this additional studies: Storage Ring to deliver 500kW at 10 Hz > 2*10 14 protons p/pulse (pulse length ~ 1 000 ns) Peak neutron flux 4*10 16 /cm 2 s 1999 – 2000: International contacts at the highest level, but These activities were not really supported by the Austrian neutron scattering community! (“Dormant project”)

11. Med - AUSTRON 2001 unanimous support by the Austrian Society of Radiooncology 5 MEUR for “fotec” in Wiener Neustadt (director E. Griesmayer) for additional studies (25% medicine and biology, project leader Dr. Auberger (Innsbruck), 75% for accelerator studies (chief consultant A. Wrulich, supported by H. Schoenauer and many others), economic evaluation and PR) Collaboration with the EU-ENLIGHT project, with CERN, “TERA”, GSI, Lyon, now also with SIEMENS Waiting for Federal Government !!!

12. Weltweite Protonen- und Ionentherapiezentren Pionen 1.100 Ionen4.290 Protonen 36.111 TOTAL 41.501 Stand Jänner 2004

13. Tiefendosisverhalten Eindringtiefe Energieabgabe Plateau Singel Bragg Peak (SBP) Photonen Querprofil Protonen Spread out Bragg Peak (SOBP)

14. Eindringverhalten in Gewebe Protonen- und Ionentherapie. Photonentherapie

15. Photonen vs. Protonen vs. Ionen-Therapie

16. low und high -LET 1MeV Protonen in H 2 O 1MeV/u C 6+ -Ionen in H 2 O 0,330 0,325 0,320 0,315 -5,00,05,0-0,50,05,0 x (µm) x 10 -3 symbolisch

17. Aktives Scanning Dipolmagnete Letzte Schichte E min Tumor Erste Schichte E max

18. Prot 2 FelderProt 4 FelderPhot 4 Felder Prot 6 Felder Standard-Technik

19. Banding Magnet ca. 120t Strahl- richtung Behandlungsraum im Aufzug-Schienensystem Zugang für Personal/Patient RR-Gantry Patienten- liege Diss. Stefan Reimoser

20. Layout Protonen - Energie - Teilchenzahl 60 - 250 MeV/u 1  10 10 C-Ionen - Energie - Teilchenzahl 120 - 400 MeV/u 4  10 8

22. Der Standort Wiener Neustadt