1. Using the WWW Internet basics Internet data Internet service providers
Web browsers
URLs
Hyperlinks
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2. More Topics Search engines and subject directories
Internet communications
E-commerce
Internet multimedia
The Internet’s future
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3. The Internet: The Basics
Origin of the Internet
The Web vs. the Internet
Clients and servers
Connecting to the Internet
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4. The Origin of the Internet
ARPANET:
Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
Funded by the US Government in the 1960s
Allowed computers to communicate with each other over great distances
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5. Internet Communications
Instant messaging
Group communication
Social networking
Web logs and video logs
Wikis
Podcasts
Webcasts
Forms of Internet-based communication include:
Instant messaging
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
Group communication such as chat rooms, newsgroups, listservs, and social networks

6. The Web vs. The Internet The World Wide Web (WWW):
Part of the Internet
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) used to create Web pages
Hyperlinks connect Web pages to each other
1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee
1993: Mosaic browser released
1994: Netscape Navigator marked beginning of the Web’s major growth
1997: Internet access was global
The Internet
Instant messaging
FTP
Newsgroups
Other services
WWW
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7. Internet ---Client and Server
The Internet is (mostly) a client/server network
Client computer:
Users connect to the Internet
Request data and Web pages
Server computers
Store Web pages and data
Return the requested data to the client
Server
Client
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8. Connection to the Internet-
What are the options????

9. Broadband Connections
Cable :
Uses TV coaxial cable
Fast connection speed (300kbps – 4mbps)
Speed depends on number of users
Not available in all areas
Requires a cable modem
Coaxial cable
Cable modem
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10. Broadband Connections
DSL:
Digital subscriber line
Uses telephone line
Phone and Internet share line
Faster than dial-up (128kbps – 1.5mbps)
Requires DSL modem
More costly than dial-up
Types of DSL:
ADSL
SDSL
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11. Broadband Connections
Satellite:
Uses a satellite dish and coaxial cable
Download speed 400kbps
Upload speed 56kbps
Signal is affected by location and weather
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12. Wireless Access Increases mobility and productivity
Requires a WiFi hotspot
If device is not wireless-ready, wireless adaptors are available
Aircards provide wireless access through mobile devices when a WiFi hotspot is not available
Connecting wirelessly increases mobility and productivity, as the user can access networks and resources from more locations without a wired connection.
To connect wirelessly, a WiFi (wireless fidelity) hotspot must be within range and the device (i.e., notebook, PDA, or cell phone) must have either an internal or an external WiFi access card.
Another expensive option that’s usually used when a WiFi hotspot is not in range is an aircard. Aircards provide access through cell phone towers and generally require a separate service plan.

13. Dial-up (old and slow)
Dial-up connections: (not many people have any more)
Uses standard telephone line
Least costly connection
Requires a modem
Converts analog and digital signals
Slowest connection speed (56kbps)
External modem
Internal modem
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14. Comparing Internet Connection Options
Data Transfer Rate
Monthly Costs
Additional Equipment
Additional Fees
Dial-Up
56kbps
Local phone rates
Dial-up modem $0
DSL (ADSL)
128kbps upload
8.45mbps download
$??
DSL Modem
Installation –cost of router
DSL (SDSL)
1.5mbps
DSL modem
Installation – cost of router
Cable
kbps upload
1-3mbps download
Cable modem
Satellite
56kbps upload
400kbps download
Satellite dish
Installation – cost of equipment
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15. Internet Service Providers
ISP:
Internet service provider
Provide user access to the Internet
National, regional or local companies
OSP:
Online service provider
Provide online proprietary content as well as Internet access
AOL, CompuServe, MSN
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16. Choosing an ISP Factors to consider: Cost Local access numbers
options
Trial period
Customer service
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17. Navigating the Web: Web Browsers
Computer software
Graphical
Enables Web navigation
Popular browsers:
Internet Explorer
Netscape Navigator
Yahoo, Google
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18. Popular Web Browsers Microsoft Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox
Apple Safari
Google Chrome
A Web browser is software installed on your computer system that allows you to locate, view, and navigate the Web.
Web browsers are graphical, meaning they can display pictures (graphics) in addition to text, as well as other forms of multimedia, such as sound and video.
Although Microsoft Internet Explorer is the most used Web browser, there are other browsers available, such as Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome. Because Microsoft products are the main targets for virus writers, an alternative browser might be less vulnerable.

19. Browser Features
Quick Tabs: Show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs
Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in the same browser window
Built-in search engine(s)
Internet Explorer 7 has a much more streamlined approach than its predecessors. The browser’s toolbars provide convenient navigation and Web page management tools.
Quick Tabs show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs.
With tabbed browsing, Web pages are loaded in “tabs” within the same browser window. Rather than having to switch between Web pages on several open windows, you can flip between the tabs in one window.
The browser also includes a built-in search box in which you can designate your preferred default search engine.

20. Browser Toolbars Click to compare toolbars Back/Forward
Stop and Reload/Refresh
Home
Favorites or Bookmark
Search
Print
Address bar
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21. Getting Around the Web Web sites URLs Hyperlinks
Favorites and Bookmarks
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22. Web Sites Web site: Web page: Collection of related Web pages
First page known as Home or Index page
Web page:
HTML document
Text and graphics
Unique address
Hyperlinks
Home page
Related pages
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23. URL URL: Uniform Resource Locator Unique Web page address URL http://
Protocol identifies the means of access
Domain name contains the host and top-level domain
Path identifies the subdirectories within the Web site
URL
Pages/cartoons/
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24. Top-Level Domains Domain Name Who Can Use the Domain Name .biz
Businesses
.com
Originally for commercial sites but can be used by anyone now
.edu
Degree-granting institutions
.gov
Local, state, and United States government
.info
Information service providers
.mil
United States military
.name
Individuals
.net
Originally for networking organizations but no longer restricted
.org
Organizations (often nonprofits)
The three-letter suffix in the domain name (such as .com or .edu) is called the top-level domain. This suffix indicates the kind of organization the host is.
The most used is the .com or commercial domain, which can be used by anyone.
There are also domains for countries outside the United States. For instance, a Web site in Germany has the extension .de, and in Italy it is .it.

25. Hyperlinks Provide access to other Web pages
Specially coded text or graphics
Cursor becomes a hand with finger pointing upward
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26. Favorites and Bookmarks
List created of favorite Web pages
Easy method of returning to Web pages
Internet Explorer uses Favorites
Netscape uses Bookmarks
Internet Explorer
Netscape Navigator
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27. Favorites and Bookmarks
Allow you to return to Web pages
Favorites (Internet Explorer and Safari)
Bookmarks (Firefox and Google Chrome)
Stay up to date
Live bookmarks (Firefox)
Organize and share
Social bookmarking sites
While browsing the Web, you might want to remember a site for future reference. Using the Favorites or Bookmark feature, you can store the site’s URL in a special folder on the hard drive of your computer.
Firefox offers live bookmarks, which adds the technology of RSS feeds to bookmarking, allowing updates to be delivered to you as soon as they are available.
Social bookmarking sites such as delicious.com and digg.com allow you to tag and organize Web sites and news content using your own keywords and share them with others.
Diigo (diigo.com) not only allows you to tag and bookmark Web sites, but also allows you to annotate the pages with highlights and sticky notes. 27

28. Search Engines and Subject Directories
Searches for keywords
Returns a list of Web pages
Popular search engines:
Yahoo
Google
Bing
Subject Directories
Web pages organized by topics and subtopics
Popular subject directories:
Yahoo
MSN
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29. Evaluating Web Sites
Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor?
What audience is the site geared toward?
Is the site biased?
Is the information current?
Are links available?
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30. Communicating Through the Internet
Weblogs
Chat rooms
Instant messaging
Newsgroups
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31. E-mail Electronic mail Primary means of communication E-mail accounts
Client-based
Web-based
Spam
Prevention
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32. E-mail Etiquette Be concise and to the point Use spell-check
Avoid texting abbreviations
Include meaningful subject line
Use smilies sparingly to convey emotion
Include signature line with contact information
Do not type in all capital letters, which is interpreted as shouting

33. Group Communication Social networks Wikis Podcasts and webcasts
Chat rooms
Newsgroups
Blogs and vlogs
There are many ways you can interact with a wide variety of people online:
Chat rooms
Newsgroups
Listservs
Blogs and vlogs
Wikis
Podcasts and webcasts
Social networks

34. Social Networks
Used to communicate and share information among immediate friends, and meet and connect with others through common interests, experiences, and friends
Examples: Facebook and MySpace
Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, and videoconference
Growth has been explosive
Social networking sites like Facebook and MySpace have become immensely popular.
These sites are easy places for members to hang out, meet new people, and share common interests.
They provide a way for members to communicate with their friends and business associates by voice, chat, IM, videoconference, and blogs.
Growth of participation in these sites has been explosive.
Ning (ning.com) is a social networking site that allows you to create your own network around your own common topic or join a social networking group that has already been formed.
Professional, business-oriented online networks such as LinkedIn are helpful for members seeking potential clients, business opportunities, jobs, or job candidates.

35. Twitter
Social networking and microblogging service that enables you to exchange short text messages in real time with your friends or “followers”
Twitter messages, called tweets, are limited to 140 characters
Businesses are using Twitter to respond to customer queries, or to broadcast new services or products

36. Wikis Wikis: Web sites that allow anyone to change their content
Provide a source for collaborative writing
Eliminate exchanging s
Track revisions
A wiki is a type of Web site that allows anyone visiting the site to change its content by adding, removing, or editing the content.
Wikis provide an excellent source for collaborative writing by eliminating the need to send s back and forth.
A history of all changes is kept so a previous version can be easily accessed if desired.

37. Webcasts
Webcasts: Broadcasts of audio or video content over the Internet
Often live
Delivered to your computer
Use streaming media
Webcasts are broadcasts of mostly live audio or video files on the Internet.
Webcasts use streaming media technology to deliver content to many simultaneous viewers.

38. Podcasts
Podcasts: Compressed audio or video files distributed on the Internet
Really Simple Syndication (RSS) technology allows constant updates for subscribers
Podcasts are all over the Web
Need “aggregator” software to gather podcasts
Need media player software to play them
Simple to create
Podcasts use compressed audio and video files to distribute content on the Internet using RSS technology.
Really Simple Syndication (RSS) technology allows for constant, automatic updates of Web pages.
Podcasts are found all over the Web.
They require aggregator software to gather the podcasts and media player software to listen to them.
Podcast creation is an easy process.

39. Instant Messaging Real-time, text-based conversations
Personal and business uses
List of contacts: buddy list
IM software detects members’ presence
Example: AOL Instant Messenger
Instant messaging (IM) uses real-time, text-based conversations, similar to chat rooms.
IM isn’t just for casual conversations between friends and family, as more and more businesses are using it for communications between co-workers.
Users set up a list of contacts, often called a buddy list.
IM software detects the presence of members who are online.
Examples include:
AOL Instant Messenger
Facebook Chat
Yahoo! Messenger
Windows Live Messenger
Many of the popular IM services are proprietary, but universal chat services are now available to allow users to communicate no matter which service they use.
If you want to chat with more than one person, you can hold simultaneous individual conversations, or if you all want to chat together, you can create custom IM chat groups.

40. Blogs and Vlogs Personal journals posted on the Web Weblogs: Blogs
Primarily text-based
Simple to create, read, and manage
Entries listed on a single page, with most recent entry at the top
Searchable
Video logs: Vlogs
Digital video clips playable on media player software
Weblogs, or blogs, are a way for anyone to post their thoughts for public viewing. They are personal logs, or journal entries, posted on the Web.
The beauty of blogs is that they are simple to create, manage, and read. Traditionally blogs are text-based and are written by one author, arranged as a listing of entries on a single page, with the most recent entry located at the top of the list.
Blogging is easy and free. Many blogs are personal logs but some focus on specific topics. Blogs are public and their content is searchable.
Video logs, or vlogs, are personal journals that use video as the main form of expression. You can play vlogs on your personal computer and mobile devices.

41. Weblogs
Known as blogs
Personal logs or journal entries posted on the Web
Available to the public
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42. Chat Rooms Real time text based conversations
Rooms focus on specific topics or interests
Identity protection
Username
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43. Newsgroups Online discussion forums Post and reply to messages NEXT
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44. Instant Messaging Real time text based conversations
Set up a list of contacts
Buddy list
Contacts must be online
AOL Instant Messenger
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45. Conducting Business Over the Internet
E-Commerce:
Electronic commerce
Business-to-consumer (B2C)
Business-to-business (B2B)
Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
Secure transactions
B2B
E-commerce
Manufacturer
Suppliers
Retailer
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46. Cookies Text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites
Used on return visits to Web sites
Unique ID number
Personal information remembered
Privacy risk
Selling information
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47. Secure Web Sites Display: URL changes from http:// to https://
VeriSign seal (do not rely on this alone)
Closed padlock or key icon
URL changes from to
Businesses hire security companies such as VeriSign to certify that their online transactions are secure. Thus, if a Web site displays the VeriSign seal, you can usually trust that the information you submit to the site is protected.
Another indication that a Web site is secure is the appearance in your browser of a small icon of a closed padlock (Internet Explorer) or key (Netscape).
Additionally, the beginning of the URL of the site changes from to the s standing for “secure.”

48. Online Shopping Guidelines
Shop at well-known, reputable sites
Avoid making online transactions when using public computers
Pay by credit card, not debit card
Check the return policy
To shop safely online, follow these guidelines:
Shopping at well-known, reputable sites helps ensure a safe shopping experience. If you are not familiar with a site, check it out with the Better Business Bureau, and also make sure that the company has a phone number and street address before ordering.
Debit cards do not have the same level of protection as credit cards under U.S. federal consumer credit card protection laws. Use a card with a small limit, or consider using a prepaid credit card.
Check and print out the return policy. You might need it when filing a complaint to prove what the policy showed at the time of your order. Web sites can be changed easily and rapidly and can also be shut down overnight.

49. Web Entertainment Multimedia: Involves forms of media and text
Graphics
Audio
Video
Streaming audio and video
Plug-in
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50. Future of the Internet Large Scale Networking (LSN): Internet2:
Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless technologies
Internet2:
Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies
Transmission speed of 9.6Gbps
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51. An Interplanetary Internet
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