1. PRESENTED BY NASIR ABBAS

2. FLOW CHART CONTENTS What is a flow chart? Flow chart symbols

3. What is flow chart? Flow chart is a block diagram that reveals the structure and purpose of the program. Like a road map, flow charts are used to reveal how to go from a starting point to the final destination and can be used to display any amount of detail. Lines connecting the block used in the flow chart indicate the path followed by the information. The flow is valuable aid in writing a program. Flow charts usually break up large complex program into smaller logical units and it becomes easier to make changes and corrections.

4. FLOW LINE The line with an arrow head represents the direction of flow of information in the flow chart between various blocks.

5. TERMINAL An oval shape symbol is used to represent the start of a flow chart as and the end of a flow chart as: START STOP

6. INPUT/OUTPUT A parallelogram is used to represent the generalized INPUT/OUTPUT statements. With INPUT X, Y or READ X, Y sign to take the two values: Or with PRINT sign to write OUTPUT values contained on a terminal/screen as: INPUT X, Y READ X, Y PRINT A

7. PROCESS A rectangular block is used to represent processing or computation like: S=S+ 2 X=A+B*C

8. DECISION A diamond represents a comparison, question or decision. Depending upon the result of this comparison, computer decides a particular path to be followed. The decision box must have at least two exits, a third may be added if desired. A decision box may contain a simple question with YES or NO answer as shown in Fig. 1

9. Fig. 1 YES NO A part of the flow chart for decision whether N is greater than 33 or not IS N> 33 PRINT N STOP

10. CONNECTOR BLOCK A small circle is a connector symbol and is used to join various parts of a flow chart. These connector are used when a flow chart exceeds one page. A numeral is written inside the circle to identify the position where the connector joins or leaves the flow chart as shown. 33

11. DEVELOPING OF FLOW CHARTS Example 1 Develop a flow chart to illustrate how to contact to your friend on mobile phone.

12. SOLUTION: 1.The first step is to check whether the mobile phone is in working order. Figure 2 NO YES A part of the flow chart representing step 1 IS THE MOBILE PHONE SET IN WORKING ORDER? STOP

13. 2. Then the next step is to dial the number of your friend 3.After the number being dialed, note the response from the other end (Figure 3). If the number is busy then return to the “wait” process and dial the number again after some time. If not then listen the bell and wait for reply. If no reply, it will mean no body is present to attend the call. Put mobile phone into the pocket. 4.If some body replied then inquire for your friend. If your friend is not available then leave the message for him. If available then talk to him (Figure 4).

14. IS THE MOBILE PHONE SET IN WORKING ORDER? NO DIAL THE NUMBERWAIT TELEPHONE ENGAGED? STOP YES A part of the flow chart representing step 2 and 3

15. TELEPHONE ENGAGED ANY REPLY? IS YOUR FRIEND AVAILABLE WAIT LEAVE MESSAGE FOR HIM TALK CENCEL THE CALL STOP YES NO A part of the flow chart representing step 4

16. IS THE MOBILE PHONE SET IN WORKING ORDER? NO DIAL THE NUMBER WAIT TELEPHONE ENGAGED? YES ANY REPLY? IS YOUR FRIEND AVAILABLE TALK LEAVE MESSAGE FOR HIM CENCEL THE CALL STOP YES NO

17. THANKS FOR BEING ATTENTIVE