1. Hymenoptera: wasps, bees, ants etc. as well as the sawflies and horntails (wood wasps) mouth parts are variable complete metamorphosis 2 pr. of membranous wings, hind pair is smaller

2. SymphytaApocrita. The Hymenoptera is divided into two suborders: the Symphyta and the Apocrita. Symphyta (sawflies and horntails)Apocrita (bees, ants, parasitoids etc.) thorax broadly joined to abdomen thorax narrowly joined to abdomen ovipositor saw-like in sawflies ovipositor modified into stinger ovipositor of horntail wasp

3. Let’s concentrate on the Symphyta: the sawflies and horntails (woodwasps). mostly defoliators cause much economic and aesthetic damage (urban forestry) most cut slits in leaves and needles and lay their eggs within the slits. Sawflies mostly woodborers cause defects in lumber and fine woods however, there is Sirex noctilio and it kills pine plantations! Woodwasps or horntails

4. There’s a couple more things you need to know about sawfly larvae vs. caterpillars of moths

5. Differences between sawflies and caterpillars

6. Woodwasp drilling into the wood of a tree and laying eggs; the other member of the Symphyta Woodwasp larva feeding in wood “horn tail”

7. The suborder: Apocrita

8. Velvet ant (wingless wasp) Yellow jacket Ichneumonid wasp (parasitoid)

9. Lepidoptera: the moths and butterflies mouth parts are for siphoning complete metamorphosis 2 pr. of scaly wings, hind pair is smaller larvae mostly phytophagous

10. Moths stout bodied wings horizontal at rest ~ nocturnal or crepuscular antennae clubbed Butterflies delicate bodied wings vertical at rest ~ diurnal behavior antennae clubbed

11. Caterpillar Pests

12. Diptera: the flies complete metamorphosis one pair of wings, both membranous a pair of halteres incredibly good fliers some are phytophagous, others parasitoids, predators, blood feeders etc.

13. Human botfly

14. Syrphid flies are important predators of aphids

15. Neuroptera: lacewings, complete metamorphosis two pair of membranous wings hypodermic-like mouth parts all predators Lacewings for example

16. Neuroptera: lace wings, ant lions, snake flies etc.

17. Ant Lion

18. Antlion

19. Dobsonfly