1. Resolving the Problem Resolution: Concepts & Definitions

2. 4 kinds of resolution Bit resolution (color depth) Image resolution (scanner resolution) Device resolution (printer or monitor) Halftone screen resolution (for print publication)

3. Image resolution Expressed as pixels per inch (ppi) Measures the amount of visual information stored in a digital image file Increasing the image resolution increases the amount of detail that can be seen in the image. Doubling resolution increases file size 4x

4. Bit Resolution Refers to the number of bits of stored information in each picture element (pixel) Determines the number of colors or shades of gray that can be displayed on a monitor Typically ranges from 1-bit (2 1 = black & white) to 24-bit (2 24 = 16.8 million colors) Increasing bit resolution increases file size proportionally

5. Device resolution Expressed in dots per inch (dpi) Refers to print output devices (such as laser printers and image setters) and monitors Laser printers range from 300 to 1,200 dpi High-end image setters more than 2,500 dpi Usually calculate 72-94 dpi for common monitor resolutions

6. Common screen image sizes for PC monitors 640 x 480 pixels 800 x 600 1,024 x 768 1,280 x 1,024 Macintosh = 832 x 624 and 640 x 480

7. Image dimensions and screen resolution Screen shot showing an image displayed with monitor resolution set at 640 x480 pixels Actual image size on the screen varies with monitor size and resolution.

8. Image dimensions and screen resolution Same image file as previous slide, but displayed on a monitor with resolution set at 1024 x 768 pixels.

9. Halftone screen frequency Expressed in lines per inch (lpi) Applies to print publication only Essential step in reproducing continuous tone images on a printer or printing press Higher resolution halftone reproduces more detail in final printed image Affects digital file size indirectly: High res. halftone requires high res. image file.

10. What’s a halftone? An image in a magazine, newspaper or other printed product appears to the naked eye to have a full range of gray tones ranging from white to black.

11. What’s a halftone? Magnification reveals a pattern of dots created by the halftone screen. Printing inks can print only solid colors. Shades of gray are optical illusions created by dots of varying sizes.

12. How ppi, lpi & dpi work together If image resolution = 100 ppi, area above =.04 in. x.02 in.

13. How ppi, lpi & dpi work together If image resolution = 100 ppi, area above =.04 in. x.02 in. Halftone screen frequency = 50 lines per inch

14. How ppi, lpi & dpi work together If image resolution = 100 ppi, area above =.04 in. x.02 in. Halftone screen frequency = 50 lines per inch Output resolution = 500 dpi; tonal range = 101 shades of gray Set in scanner Set in print setup or in Photoshop Built into printer. Some printers have variable output.