1. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia 1 CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 2007 Absorption of Carbon Dioxide by a Suspension of Activated Carbon in Aqueous Amine Solutions Yahia Alhamed King Abdulaziz University Faculty of engineering Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering,

2. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 20072 Introduction As a feed –Chemical industries (e.g. urea production) –Food and beverage carbonation. As an impurity –Natural gas processing –Ammonia synthesis As a pollutant Main features of CO 2

3. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 20073 CO 2 Removal Using Amines  MEA and DEA are widely used in industry. TEA is less used due to its lower capacity, higher cost, and lower reactivity. The capacity of 1 ry amines is limited to  0.5 mole CO 2 /mole amine. Any increase in the absorption capacities of these systems for CO 2 will definitely improve the economics of these processes.

4. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 20074 Previous Studies ( Achievements ) Significant enhancement of CO 2 absorption rate into water-activated carbon (AC) slurries. The feasibility of using immobilized 1 ry amine in place of homogeneous additives to enhance CO 2 in 3 ry amine solutions. Use activated carbon (AC) as a solid activator. –Higher rate of absorption of CO 2. –Unknown absorption capacity in the presence of AC.

5. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 20075 Objectives Study the effect of AC (activator) on the absorption capacities of CO 2 in a suspension of AC - aq. amine solution. Study the effect of amine type, amine concentration and AC loading on the adsorption capacities.

6. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 2007 6 Experimental

7. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 20077 Breakthrough curves of CO 2 250 ml of 0.05 mol/l MEA, CO2 = 0.2, at 250 ml (STP)/min,

8. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 20078 Effect of AC loading on CO 2 absorption capacity R is defined as: R > 1  increase absorption capacity due to AC addition.

9. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 20079 Effect of AC loading on R for DEA solution YCO 2 = 0.4; total feed rate = 150 ml (STP)/min.

10. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 200710 R versus AC loading for MEA concentration

11. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 200711 R vs AC loading at various concentrations of TEA.

12. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 200712Conclusions Adding AC to amine solutions is beneficial. Addition of AC (activator) allows the use of lower amine concentrations while keeping the same absorption capacity. This is more beneficial in case of MEA (corrosive than DEA) at concentrations > 20%

13. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 200713 Further work Effect of :- AC particle size, Temperature, flow rate and composition of the gas, Adsorption studies of amines by AC are very important to explain the results obtained.

14. Dr. Y. Alhamed KAU Jeddah Saudi Arabia CHEMINDIX2007 Manama Bahrain 26 - 29 April 200714 Thank you very much for your attension