1. Computers, Internet and Web Risanuri Hidayat, Ir.,M.Sc.

2. Outline 1.1Introduction 1.2The Future of Computing 1.3e-Business and e-Commerce 1.4What is a Computer? 1.5Types of Programming Languages 1.6Other High-Level Languages 1.7Structured Programming 1.8History of the Internet 1.9Personal Computing, Distributed Computing and Client/Server Computing 1.10History of the World Wide Web 1.11Hardware Trends 1.12The Key Software Trend: Object Technology 1.13JavaScript: Object-Based Scripting for the Web 1.14Browser Portability 1.15Evolution of the How to Program Series: C and C++ 1.16Java and Java How to Program 1.17Internet and World Wide Web How to Program 1.18e-Business and e-Commerce How to Program 1.19Dynamic HTML

3. 1.1 Introduction We will learn Structured programming and proper programming techniques Structured programming and proper programming techniques This course is appropriate for Novices with little or no programming experience Novices with little or no programming experience Experienced professionals building substantial information systems Experienced professionals building substantial information systems

4. 1.2 The Future of Computing Future of Computers Use increasing dramatically Use increasing dramatically Costs decreasing Costs decreasing Explosion of Internet and World Wide Web Explosion of Internet and World Wide Web Multimedia content Increasing bandwidth Magazines and books already going online Easy international communication Could replace TV, radio and phone Could replace TV, radio and phone Helping the disabled Helping the disabled

5. 1.3 e-Business & e-Commerce e-Business Provides products and services 24 hours a day Provides products and services 24 hours a day Provides unlimited inventory Provides unlimited inventory Allows consumer to comparison shop Allows consumer to comparison shop Essential to business success Essential to business success Replacing “brick and mortar” stores Replacing “brick and mortar” stores Personalize user’s experience Personalize user’s experience New business models introduced by Web eBay eBay Online auctions Priceline.com Priceline.com Customers name own price

6. 1.3 e-Business & e-Commerce Consequences of Internet and Web Privacy invasion Privacy invasion One of the risks of Internet Personal information on the Web Tracking of Web movement Credit card security Privacy of intellectual property Privacy of intellectual property Copyright infringement MP3

7. 1.4 What is a Computer? Computer Device capable of performing computations and making logical decisions Device capable of performing computations and making logical decisions Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called computer programs Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called computer programsHardware Various devices comprising a computer Various devices comprising a computer Keyboard, screen, mouse, disks, memory, CD-ROM, and processing units Keyboard, screen, mouse, disks, memory, CD-ROM, and processing unitsSoftware Programs that run on a computer Programs that run on a computer

8. 1.5 Types of Programming Lng. Three types of programming languages 1. Machine languages Strings of numbers giving machine specific instructions Example:+1300042774+1400593419+1200274027 2. Assembly languages English-like abbreviations representing elementary computer operations (translated via assemblers) Example: LOAD BASEPAY ADD OVERPAY STORE GROSSPAY

9. 1.5 Types of Programming Languages 3. High-level languages Codes similar to everyday English Use mathematical notations (translated via compilers) Example: grossPay = basePay + overTimePay

10. 1.6 Other High-level Languages Other high-level languages FORTRAN FORTRAN Used for scientific and engineering applications COBOL COBOL Used to manipulate large amounts of data Pascal Pascal Intended for academic use

11. 1.7 Structured Programming Structured programming Disciplined approach to writing programs Disciplined approach to writing programs Clear, easy to test and debug and easy to modify Clear, easy to test and debug and easy to modifyMultitasking Specifying that many activities run in parallel Specifying that many activities run in parallel

12. 1.8 History of the Internet The Internet enables Quick and easy communication via e-mail Quick and easy communication via e-mail International networking of computers International networking of computers Packet switching The transfer of digital data via small packets The transfer of digital data via small packets Allows multiple users to send and receive data simultaneously Allows multiple users to send and receive data simultaneously No centralized control If one part of the Internet fails, other parts can still operate If one part of the Internet fails, other parts can still operateBandwidth Information carrying capacity of communications lines Information carrying capacity of communications lines

13. 1.9 Personal Computing, Distributed Computing, and Client/Server Computing Personal computers Economical enough for individual Economical enough for individual Distributed computing Computing distributed over networks Computing distributed over networks Client/server computing Sharing of information across computer networks between file servers and clients (personal computers) Sharing of information across computer networks between file servers and clients (personal computers)

14. 1.10 History of the World Wide Web WWW Allows computer users to locate and view multimedia-based documents Allows computer users to locate and view multimedia-based documents Introduced in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee Introduced in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee Internet today Mixes computing and communications technologies Mixes computing and communications technologies Makes information constantly and instantly available to anyone with a connection Makes information constantly and instantly available to anyone with a connection

15. 1.11 Hardware Trends Improving technologies Internet community thrives on improvements of Internet community thrives on improvements ofHardwareSoftwareCommunications Cost of products and services Cost of products and services Consistently dropping over the decades Computer capacity and speed Computer capacity and speed Doubles every two years (on average) Microprocessor chip Microprocessor chip Laid groundwork in late 1970s and 1980s for productivity improvements of the 1990s

16. 1.12 The Key Software Trend: Object Technology Objects Reusable software components that model items in the real world Reusable software components that model items in the real world Meaningful software units Meaningful software units Date objects, time objects, paycheck objects, invoice objects, audio objects, video objects, file objects, record objects, etc. Any noun can be represented as an object More understandable, better organized, and easier to maintain than procedural programming More understandable, better organized, and easier to maintain than procedural programming Favor modularity Favor modularity

17. 1.13 JavaScript: Object-Based Scripting for the Web JavaScript Attractive package for advancing level of programming language education Attractive package for advancing level of programming language education Object-based language Object-based language Supports proper software engineering techniques Supports proper software engineering techniques Free for download in today’s most popular Web browsers Free for download in today’s most popular Web browsers Attractive to colleges Bug fixes and new versions easily obtained Powerful scripting language Powerful scripting languagePortable Programs execute interpretively on client machines

18. 1.14 Browser Portability Browser portability Great challenge Great challenge Great diversity of client browsers in use Many different platforms also in use Difficult to Know capabilities and features of all browsers and platforms in use Know capabilities and features of all browsers and platforms in use Find correct mix between absolute portability, complexity and usability of features Find correct mix between absolute portability, complexity and usability of features

19. 1.15Evolution of the How to Program Series: C and C++ C Wasn’t used for teaching because of Pascal Wasn’t used for teaching because of Pascal Used in business and in operating systems C How to Program began teaching C to university students Portable across many platforms Portable across many platformsC++ Extension of C Extension of C Provides capabilities for object-oriented programming Provides capabilities for object-oriented programming Very widely used in industry Very widely used in industry Lead to writing of C++ How to Program

20. 1.16 Java and Java How to Program Java is used to Create Web pages with dynamic and interactive content Create Web pages with dynamic and interactive content Develop large-scale enterprise applications Develop large-scale enterprise applications Enhance the functionality of Web servers Enhance the functionality of Web servers Provide applications for consumer devices (such as cell phones, pagers and personal digital assistants) Provide applications for consumer devices (such as cell phones, pagers and personal digital assistants) Java How to Program Closely followed the development of Java by Sun Closely followed the development of Java by Sun Teaches first-year programming students the essentials of graphics, images, animation, audio, video, database, networking, multithreading and collaborative computing Teaches first-year programming students the essentials of graphics, images, animation, audio, video, database, networking, multithreading and collaborative computing

21. 1.17 Internet and World Wide Web How to Program Internet and World Wide Web How to Program Followed the Internet boom Followed the Internet boom Focuses on enhanced capabilities of the Web Focuses on enhanced capabilities of the Web Still provides a solid treatment of programming principles

22. 1.18 e-Business and e- Commerce How to Program e-Business and e-Commerce How to Program: Step beyond Internet and World Wide Web How to Program Step beyond Internet and World Wide Web How to Program Explicitly teaches programming for e-Business and e- commerce Explicitly teaches programming for e-Business and e- commerce Firm grounding for conducting business on-line Firm grounding for conducting business on-line Computer programming and basic principles of computer science Computer programming and basic principles of computer science JavaScript primary programming language JavaScript primary programming language

23. 1.19 Dynamic HTML DHTML Two versions Two versionsMicrosoftNetscape Consists of number of technologies freely available for download Consists of number of technologies freely available for download Used for developing high-performance, Web- based applications Used for developing high-performance, Web- based applications Much of application’s work performed directly on client rather then on server or Internet