1. Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays By: Zain-ul-Abdin Zain-ul-Abdin@hh.se

2. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 2 Motivation Emergence of new heterogeneous parallel architectures –Increased Performance –Power Efficiency Traditional methods –Automatic parallelization by compilers –Use of Thread model of computation Highly non-deterministic Use of Concurrent Programming Model –Expresses computations in a productive manner by matching it to target hardware –Supported by a compiler for allowing portability

3. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 3 Array of Processors Consists of heterogenous processors with specialized interconnection netrworks Improved performance by exploiting paralellism rather than scaling clock frequency Flexible due to dynamically reconfigurable interconnection network Energy Efficient –Individual brics can be switched off when not in use –The Clock frequency of brics can be optimized

4. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 4 Ambric Programming Model Design consists of: –Objects: defines the functionality in either java subset or assembly. –Structured composition described in aStruct

5. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 5 Ambric-Simple Example Design Toplevel design SimpleDesigntop { Root_IF root_Inst; } interface Root_IF {} binding CompRoot implements Root_IF { simpledesign process1; Vio inOut = {NumSources = 1, NumSinks = 1}; channel c0 = {inOut.out[0], process1.in}; channel c1 = {process1.out, inOut.in[0]}; } Object Structure interface simpledesign { inbound in; outbound out; } binding Javasimpledesign implements simpledesign { implementation "simpledesign.java"; } Object Implementation import ajava.io.InputStream; import ajava.io.OutputStream; public class simpledesign { public void run(InputStream in, OutputStream out) { while (true) { out.writeInt(in.readInt()); }

6. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 6 Why use Occam-pi? Language level support for concurrency Provides higher order combinators for facilitating composition of re-targetable data parallel descriptions Sematically transparent PAR/SEQ style Explicit control of graularity of parallelism and data locality

7. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 7 Occam-pi Language Based on ideas of CSP with pi-calculus Abstractions for underlying hardware –Processes –Channels (Unbuffered message passing) Rendezvous behavior of channels –Receiver blocks until the sender wrote the value –Sender continues after the receiver read the value

8. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 8 Occam-pi Language Primitive actions –Variable assignment –Channel output ! –Channel input ? –PAR –SEQ Variables can only be written by one process in parallel –Likewise, only a single process can read from a channel, and another single process can write to the channel PROC SimpleEx() INT x,y: CHAN OF INT c,d: PAR SEQ c ! 117 d ? x SEQ c ? y d ! 118 :

9. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 9 Compilation Methodology Implemented a Backend for Ambric in Tock(Translator of Occam to C by Kent) Staged compilation Native SOPL code generation for Ambric –Use of concurrency of Occam-pi –Reduced memory footprint

10. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 10 Occam-Ambric Compilation

11. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 11 Ambric-related Transformations Introduction of Channel-end Specifiers Enables use of flat data parallelism Replicators transformations: –SEQ Replicators to For loops –PAR Replicators unrolled to multiple PROCs Emission of aStruct structural interface and binding code for each PROC Emission of aJava class code corresponding to each PROC

12. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 12 1D-Discrete Cosine Transform

13. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 13 Performance Results 8-point DCT Implementations NPNP C LFO Throughput Serial DCT1220TSTS Coarse-grained Parallelized DCT 4513T S Fine-grained Parallelized DCT 343327T S

14. "Using a CSP based Programming Model for Reconfigurable Processor Arrays", Zain-ul-Abdin 14 Conclusions Proposed the use of Occam-pi for programming a coarse-grained processor architecture Raises the abstraction level while not compromising the efficiency To extend the compiler for supporting mobility features of Occam-pi for reconfigurable logic