1. Spectroscopy l Spectroscopic methods of analysis are based upon measurement of the electromagnetic radiation produced or absorbed by an analyte.

2. Spectroscopy l Emission Spectroscopy v Radiation given off by the analyte l Absorption Spectroscopy v The analyte absorbs radiation l Fluorescent Spectroscopy

3. Spectroscopy

4. l Electromagnetic Radiation v Wave properties v Conveniently described as a sinusoidal waves that have wavelength, frequency, velocity and amplitude. v The wave model fails to account for phenomena associated with the absorption and emission of radiant energy. Spectroscopy

5. Spectroscopy

6. l Electromagnetic Radiation v Particulate properties v Electromagnetic radiation can be treated as a stream of discrete particles, or wave packets, of energy called photons or quanta. Spectroscopy

7. l The energy of a photon depends on the frequency of the radiation: Spectroscopy l Where h is the Plank constant (6.63 x 10 -34 Js)

8. l The energy of radiation can also be related to wavelength and wavenumber: Spectroscopy l Note that the wavenumber, in common with frequency, is directly proportional to energy.

9. l Infrared (ir) l Ultra Violet / Visible (UV/vis) Spectroscopy