1. Which day would you like OWL quizzes due (4 AM)
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130

2. Chapter 5
Chemical Reactions

3. Dissolution of (a) Ionic and (b) Molecular Compounds

4. Electrolytes
All salts are strong electrolytes, that is they dissociate into ions in solution
If they are significantly soluble then the dissolved ions make the solution a good conductor of electricity
Molecular compounds except for acids and bases are non-electrolytes, non-conductors

5. Exceptions in red may show up on exams

6. Illustration of Some Solubility Rules

7. Which of the following salts is insoluble in water
Na2S
(NH4)3PO4
Ag2SO4
Ba(OH)2
AgI
130 10

8. Precipitation Reactions
If either of the possible products of a double replacement are in soluble then a precipitate will form. A chemical reaction occurs.
If both possible products are soluble there is no reaction.

9. Precipitation of Silver Chloride
AgNO3 + NaCl  AgCl + NaNO3
precipitate

10. Mixing which of the following pairs of solutions will result in formation of a precipitate?
NaCl and Ba(NO3)2
K2SO4 and Ba(C2H3O2)2
FeSO4 and KI
NaBr and Cr(NO3)3
MgSO4 and CuCl2
130 10

11. Writing equations for Precipitation Reactions
Na3PO4 + FeSO4
Swap partners – Na2SO4 + Fe3(PO4)2
Check solubility rules – Fe3(PO4)2 is insoluble
Write unbalanced equation – Na3PO4(aq)+FeSO4(aq)Na2SO4(aq)+Fe3(PO4)2(s)
Balance – 2Na3PO4(aq)+3FeSO4(aq)3Na2SO4(aq)+Fe3(PO4)2(s)

12. Ionic Equations Write the balanced equation of reaction
2Na3PO4(aq)+3FeSO4(aq)3Na2SO4(aq)+Fe3(PO4)2(s)
Total Ionic Equation – Separate all aqueous strong electrolytes into ions:
6Na+(aq) + 2PO43-(aq) + 3Fe2+(aq) + 3SO42-(aq)  6Na+(aq) + 3SO42-(aq) + Fe3(PO4)2(s)
Net Ionic Equation – Eliminate spectator ions
2PO43-(aq) + 3Fe2+(aq)  Fe3(PO4)2(s)

13. Acids substances that donates H+ ions to solution
sour-tasting substances
substances whose aqueous solutions are capable of turning blue litmus indicators red
dissolves certain metals to form salts
react with bases or alkalis to form salts

14. Bases substances that donates a OH- ion to solution
hydroxides and oxides of metals
bitter tasting, slippery solutions
turn litmus blue
react with acids to form salts

15. Ionization of Acids in Water
Strong electrolyte
Weak electrolyte

16. Common Acids and Bases
Learn
All others are weak

17. Neutralization Reactions
acid + base  “salt” + water
HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O
H2SO4 + 2KOH  K2SO4 + 2H2O

18. Strong vs. Weak Acids and Bases
strong – completely ionized
separate into ions in ionic equation
weak – partially ionized
keep intact in ionic equation

19. Ionic Equations HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
Total Ionic Equation:
H+ + Cl- + Na+ + OH-  Na+ +Cl- + H2O
Net Ionic Equation:
H+(aq) + OH-(aq)  H2O(l)

20. Ionic Equations H3PO4(aq) + 3KOH(aq)  K3PO4(aq) + 3H2O(l)
Total Ionic Equation:
H3PO4 + 3K+ + 3OH-  3K+ + PO H2O
Net Ionic Equation:
H3PO4(aq) + 3OH-(aq)  PO43-(aq) + 3H2O(l)

21. What is the net ionic equation for the reaction of acetic acid with NaOH?
H++OH-H2O
H++NaOHH2O+Na+
CH3COOH+OH-CH3COO-+H2O
Na++ CH3COO-NaCH3COO
130 10

22. Gas-Forming Exchange Reaction

23. Reaction of Metal Carbonates with Acids
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq)  CaCl2(aq) + H2CO3(aq)
H2CO3(aq)  H2O + CO2(g)
Carbonic acid is unstable and releases carbon dioxide gas
Total Ionic Equation:
CaCO3(s) + 2H+ + 2Cl-  Ca2+ + 2Cl- + H2O + CO2(g)
Net Ionic Equation:
CaCO3(s) + 2H+(aq)  Ca2+(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

24. Reaction of Metal Sulfites and Sulfides with Acids
CaSO3(s) + 2HCl(aq)  CaCl2(aq) + H2SO3(aq)
H2SO3(aq)  H2O + SO2(g)
Net Ionic Equation:
CaSO3(s) + 2H+(aq)  Ca2+(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(g)
Na2S(aq) + 2HCl(aq)  2NaCl(aq) + H2S(g)
S2-(aq) + 2H+(aq)  H2S(g)

25. Which of the following is a gas forming reaction?
Na2CO3+Ba(OH)2
AgNO3+Na2S 
ZnCO3+HNO3 
HCl+CuSO4 
130 10