1. Chapter 2 Hydraulics: Major Forms of water transport Gravity Flow Pumping Water Properties incompressible liquid (constant volume) Unit wt. = 62.4 pcf or 9.8 KN/m 3 Pressure - U.S. (psi) or SI (N/m 2 or Pascal) P=62.4 pcf=.43 #/in 2 -ft Conversion Factors 1 cu ft. = 7.48 gallons = 28.32 L 1 gal =3.8 Liters 1 mgd = 1.55 cfs = 700 gpm

2. Chapter 2 CHAPTER 2 - HYDRAULICS Hwk #2 pp.53-55 1,4,7,9,11 Overview: Pressure Head Hydrostatic Pressure Continuity of Flow- hydraulic equipment

3. Conservation of Energy- closed system (Bernoulli Equation) Hazel-Williams Equation- closed pipes equation Chapter 2

4. Manning’s Flow- open channel flow Q=channel discharge capacity, m 3 /s(ft 3 /s) 1.0= SI const and 1.5 for US n =manning channel roughness coef A = cross –sectional area R = hydraulic radius of the channel, m(ft) S= slope of the channel bottom, dimensionless Chapter 2

5. Hydrostatic Pressure: Chapter 2

6. Instruments: (to measure pressure) piezometer tube manometer Bourdon Tube Gage Pressure Transducers Venturi Meter (measures flow rate) Pitot Tube (measures flow velocity) Terminology: Viscosity – The friction that acts between two surfaces due to the fluid Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL)- Fig 2.14 Chapter 2