1. Youth Surveys 2011 National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD) My Services Review 1 Pathways to Independence September 9, 2011 Orlando, Florida

2. A Voice for Youth: Surveys National Studies completed in the late 1990’s indicated that youth “aging out” of foster care without supports Are frequently homeless Have a higher risk of being a teen parent Have lower high school graduation rates Have a higher rate of being involved in crime Rely on public assistance (underemployed or not employed) 2

3. A Voice for Youth: Surveys 3 These studies were the catalyst for federal legislation, Chafee Foster Care Independence Act (1999), which gave states permanent funding to support children “aging out” of foster care who had not been adopted, reunified, or had legal guardians. Florida passed its own legislation, the Road to Independence Act (2002), to design services for older children in foster care and for those who “aged out” of foster care.

4. A Voice for Youth: Surveys In 2007, Florida embarked on efforts to capture the status of all youth “aging out” of foster care, and to learn how 13-17 year-olds still in care were being prepared for independence. Florida leaders created the Independent Living and Transition Critical Services Checklist that served as a prototype for national efforts 4

5. A Voice for Youth: Surveys 5 The surveys did not necessarily track the same children/young adults from year-to-year. Youth surveys were a “point-in-time” snapshot designed to gather information on each age group each year. Florida now uses two survey instruments—the National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD) for young adults ages 17 through 22 years of age and My Services Review used for children ages 13 through 17 years.

6. A Voice for Youth: Surveys In April 2008 the federal government announced the requirement for states to capture very similar information through a youth survey, but with some differences. Rather than a “point-in-time” survey, the goal was to follow a specific group of young people over time, at ages 17, 19 and then 21. Setting a baseline while children are still in care (age 17) and then looking at them after they have left care (ages 19 & 21). This survey is the National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD). The questions contained in the survey cannot be changed and are the same for all states 6

7. A Voice for Youth: Surveys To establish a consistent group of young adults over time, beginning on October 1, 2010, children who were or turned 17 years of age during the Federal Fiscal Year were to be surveyed with NYTD. Florida’s Independent Living Services Advisory Council recommended that annual surveys, using NYTD, be given to youth ages 18-22 years. 7

8. Independent Living Services Road to Independence (RTI) 78.6% of those aging out of foster care will initially receive RTI funds. Attrition rate for that same population is as follows: At age 19, only 51.2% of those who aged out of care are still receiving benefits, At age 20, only 38.1%, At age 21, only 37.2%, and At age 22, 26.2%. This attrition rate will likely result in fewer surveys completed as the young adults grow older. 8

9. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year For children ages 13-17 – The first 4 years presented are results from Florida’s critical services checklist survey tool. – For 2011, My Services Review was the survey tool and is designed to focus on the experience of children in foster care. 9

10. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year Children who had their 17 th birthday during October 1 through March 31 st were surveyed with Federal NYTD and My Services Review in the Spring of 2011. The first round of My Services Review was conducted in March through May 2011 for 14-17 year-olds. The second round of My Services is now under war and will occur in September and October of 2011; data for the second survey period will be available by CBC and Circuit and 13-year- olds will be included. 10

11. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 11 Life Domains Included: Housing Education Employment Health Corrections/Juvenile Justice/ Risky Behaviors Life Skills Case Plan, Aftercare and Transitional Services NOTE: There are no survey data available for Florida’s Road to Independence Act (2002) until 2007. Therefore, the 2007 survey information is not a true baseline, in that the program had operated for a number of years. Independent Living Transitional Services Critical Checklist NYTD: Federal Baseline and 18-22 year-olds (Florida NYTD) My Services Review

12. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year The subsequent slides contain: Selected questions that have been asked consistently over the past 5 years, regardless of the survey tool; – For the first 4 years, Florida’s IL Critical Services Checklist was the survey tool and surveyed young people ages 13 through 22 years. – For the most recent year (2011) data was gathered from Federal and Florida NYTD My Services Review 12

13. Federal NYTD Baseline: Florida Youth October 1, 2010 thru March 31, 2011 539 Number of 17-year-olds where surveys were attempted 228 Number of 17-year-olds who completed a NYTD Baseline Survey 97 Number of those surveyed having service data in FSFN

14. NYTD Educational Information (17-year-olds N=228) HS Diploma or GED; Vocational or Some College Attained: 84 Youth or 37% Regular Diploma74% GED or other18% Did not know 8% or answer 7 of the 84 had completed some college No Diploma or GED Attained: 144 Youth or 63% 8 th grade or less: 9% 9 th grade: 34% 10th grade: 51% 11 th grade: 6% 91% Enrolled in HS, GED or Vocational Programs 6% Enrolled in other: (Charter/Private, Teen Parent, Credit Recovery)

15. In the past 2 years did you get the health care services you needed in the following areas? Those indicating “YES” … “When did you have your last examination by a… …less than 1 year ago” Physical health care - 92%Doctor, PA, or Nurse Practitioner 90.4% 3.5%- did not know; 4.4%- more than a year ago; 1.8%- more than 2 years ago NYTD Health Care Information (17-year-olds N=228)

16. In the past 2 years did you get the health care services you needed in the following areas? Percentage indicating “YES” … “When did you have your last examination by a… …less than 1 year ago” Dental care – 89%Dentist/Hygienist 85.5% 4.8%- did not know 4.4%- more than a year ago; 4.4%- more than 2 years ago Dental 13-17 Care w/in last year: 2007- 58% 2009 - 67% 2008 - 70% 2010 - 72% NYTD Health Care Information (17-year-olds N=228)

17. Survey Results by Calendar Year 17-year-olds 17 JUVENILE JUSTICE OR CORRECTIONS 2007200820092010 2011 NYTD Youth has been arrested in past 12 months (age 17) 31% 35%34%32% Youth is currently on probation or under juvenile court supervision (age 17) 25%23%29%26%23% Youth is currently incarcerated or has been incarcerated within the past 12 months (age 17) 19%17%20% 7% currently 8% w/in past 12 mos.

18. INDEPENDENT LIVING SERVICES SURVEY RESULTS BY CALENDAR YEAR Young Adults Who Have Left Care National Youth in Transition Database Spring 2011 18

19. Florida NYTD 2011 18-22 Year-Old Respondents AgeFemaleMaleTotal 18292232524 19328197525 20241188429 21217127344 2212172193 Total1,1998162,015 19

20. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 20 HOUSING-ages 18 and older 20072008200920102011 Young Adult has safe, stable housing Note: In 2007 survey, the question combined safe and stable 84%95% - Safe 91 % - Stable 96% - Safe 91% - Stable 97% - Safe 93% - Stable 90% - Safe 66% - Stable Young adult has spent at least one night homeless in past 12 months (NYTD: longest period homeless ever) 12%14% 10%7% Young adult has been homeless on at least 2 occasions in the past 12 months 4%3% 2%

21. 21 HOUSING NYTD questions- ages 18 and older RESPONDENTSAnswered Do not know OtherDeclined % Answered Total 1,91023532995%2,015 Describe current living situation My own place or with room mates/friends or dorm Living with family With former foster parents Treatment or Residential setting Couch Surfing or Homeless JAIL 61%22%4%3.3 %3%1%

22. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 22 TRANSPORTATION—ages 18 and older 20072008200920102011 Youth has a reliable means of transportation to school or work— Notes: -those receiving RTI must be in school & live within walking distance or on campus -In 2007 and 2011 surveys, transportation to school and work were combined in to one question. 92% 80% - school 45% - work 84% - school 36% - work 87% - school 31% - work 73%

23. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 23 Currently has regular driver’s license (age 18) 12%61%62%54%33% Currently has regular driver’s license (age 19) 40%75%70%75%39% Currently has regular driver’s license (age 20) 50%77%69%73%46% Currently has regular driver’s license (age 21) 54%82%72%75%68% TRANSPORTATION—ages 18 and older 20072008200920102011

24. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 24 EMPLOYMENT-ages 18 and older 20072008200920102011 Percent with any job: part-time, full-time, temporary, or seasonal *2011 NYTD asked only part-time 63%29%22%17%14%* Percent with full time job 17%6%3% 4.4% Of those having a full- time job, percent who have benefits 43%52%60%52%

25. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 25 EMPLOYMENT-ages 18 and older 20072008200920102011 Average wage reported Minimum Wage plus TIPS (Note: Survey in 2007 had an overall average earnings per hour) $7.4511%14%9%5% Minimum Wage31%36% 40% Over Minimum Wage to $8/hour 22%21%20%16% $8.01/hour to $10/hour24%22%26%23% Over $10 per hour10%8%9%8%

26. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 26 EDUCATION--ages 18 and older 20072008200920102011 Age 1826%33%32%30%38% Age 1952%56%49%54%56% Age 2056%63%61%63%64% Age 2160%68%60%59%62% Age 2263%61%70%67%58% Completed Grade 12 or GED 2011: For all ages 18 through age 22 years: 54% have a GED or HS Diploma; 6% have a vocational certificate or license; 3% have an Associate’s Degree

27. 27 Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year Age20072008200920102011 Number of respondents on NYTD 2011 Age 182%.6%.2% 2%524 Age 195%3%2%1%3%525 Age 2011%5%2% 8%429 Age 2115%9%8%9%18%344 Age 2217%13%11%12%23%193 Post-Secondary Education: Highest educational degree or certificate you have received: Vocational certificate or license; Associate’s, Bachelor’s or higher College Degree

28. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 28 HEALTH (Medicaid shown in parentheses) 20072008200920102011 Health insurance coverage - (ages 18 to 20) 93% (92%) 91% (90%) 92% (91%) 93% (92%)(80%) Health insurance coverage (ages 21 and 22) 56% (49%) 44% (37%) 45% (39%) 58% (54%)(36%) Received dental services in last year (ages 18 and older) 28%31%30%36%54% Youth connected to adult mentor (age 18 and older) 38%42%46%50%

29. Independent Living Services Survey Results by Calendar Year 29 Youth is currently incarcerated or has been incarcerated in within the past 12 months (age 21) 13%8%10%5% 18% Ever been confined? Youth has been arrested in past 12 months (age 18 and older ) 19%20% 16% 43% Ever been arrested?