1. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. The thin-lens equation The camera The human eye The magnifier The microscope The telescope Resolution of optical instruments Chapter 19 Optical Instruments Topics: Sample question: This anablepsis is called the “four-eyed fish.” How must the top half of its eye differ from the lower half so that it has clear vision both above and below the waterline at the same time? Slide 19-1

2. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Reading Quiz 1. The units of refractive power are A. watts. B. m 2. C. m –1. D. joules. Slide 19-2

3. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. 1. The units of refractive power are D. joules. Slide 19-3 Answer

4. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Reading Quiz 2. Accommodation of the eye refers to its ability to A. focus on both nearby and distant objects. B. move in the eye socket to look in different directions. C. see on both the brightest days and in the dimmest light. D. see both in air and while under water Slide 19-4

5. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. 2. Accommodation of the eye refers to its ability to D. see both in air and while under water Slide 19-5 Answer

6. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Reading Quiz 3. The magnification of a microscope is increased when A.the focal length of the objective lens is increased. B.the focal length of the objective lens is decreased. C.the focal length of the eyepiece is increased. D.the distance between the objective lens and eyepiece is decreased. Slide 19-6

7. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. 3. The magnification of a microscope is increased when C.the focal length of the eyepiece is increased. Slide 19-7 Answer

8. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. 4.The fundamental resolution of an optical instrument is set by A.the accuracy to which lenses can be polished. B.the fact that white light is composed of all visible colors. C.the fact that all types of glass have nearly the same index of refraction. D.the wave nature of light. Reading Quiz Slide 19-8

9. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. 4.The fundamental resolution of an optical instrument is set by D.the wave nature of light. Slide 19-9 Answer

10. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. The Thin-Lens Equation Thin-lens equation (also works for mirrors) relating object and image distance to focal length Slide 19-10

11. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Sign Conventions for Lenses and Mirrors Slide 19-11

12. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. The Camera Slide 19-12

13. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Focusing a Camera Slide 19-13

14. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. A digital image is made up of millions of pixels. Digital Cameras A CCD chip records the digital image. Slide 19-14

15. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. The Human Eye Slide 19-15

16. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Focusing and Accommodation Slide 19-16

17. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Myopia and Hyperopia Slide 19-17

18. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Correcting Myopia Slide 19-18

19. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Apparent Size Slide 19-19

20. The Magnifier Largest angular size without a magnifier is With a magnifier, the angular size is The magnification is thus Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Slide 19-20

21. The Microscope Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Slide 19-21

22. The Microscope Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Slide 19-22

23. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. The Telescope Slide 19-23

24. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Lens Aberrations: Spherical Aberration The Hubble space telescope originally suffered from spherical aberration. Slide 19-24

25. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Chromatic Aberration Slide 19-25

26. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Resolution and the Wave Nature of Light Slide 19-26

27. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Two objects are resolvable if their angular separation is greater than Rayleigh’s Criterion Slide 19-27

28. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. The Resolution of a Microscope Slide 19-28

29. Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Optical and Electron Micrographs of e. coli Slide 19-29