2. Unit 16 The United States of America

3. Uncle Sam America lies in the South of North America. It is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The northern land neighbor is Canada, and the southern is Mexico.

4. Which of the following is the American emblem? AB CD

5. 50 stars: the Star-Spangled Banner National Flag 13 stripes: hardiness ( 顽强 )and courage perseverance and justice purity and innocence 50 states the original 13 states

9. 50

14. a. Valentine’s Day b. Christmas Day c. Thanksgiving Day d. Independence Day e. April Fool’s Day f. Halloween a (Feb.14)---e (Apr.1)---d (July.4)---f (Oct.31)--- c (the last Sunday of Nov)---b (Dec.25)

15. A B C D E Chicago,Atlanta, Washington,New York, Los Angeles Los Angels Atlanta Chicago Washingto n New York

17. 1. New York is the largest state in the US. 2. Most state names come from Spanish or English. 3. Atlanta is known as the “Big Apple”. 4. George Washington was the first American President. 5. The first settlers arrived in North America about 30,000 years ago. 6. The Mississippi River is the longest river in the world. F Texas F F native American language New York T T F The Nile River

18. The Mississippi River is the longest river in North America. Rising in Minnesota, it flows south, across the continental interior and finally into the Gulf of Mexico.

20. Statue of Liberty Liberty Island

21. Tips for Note-taking: 1.Think before you hear---think about what you may hear and what you want to know 2.Don’t try to take down everything you hear---- note down main points 3.Use headings 4.Use abbreviations 5.Listen for repetitions and clue words 6.Leave space in your notes so that you can add more information later

22. (1)New York is known as the “Big Apple”. (2) New York was first discovered by French explorer. (3) New York is on the east side of the USA. (4)The island of Manhattan was bought from Local Indians for $200. (5)New York was once the capital city. (6)By 1920,New York had become the largest city in the USA. (7)Central Park in New York was created in 1858. In the park, there is a zoo, an art museum and a boating lake. 1820

23. Year What happened in the year An Italian explorer discovered these islands. Manhattan was bought from local Indians. New York became the capital of the USA. New York became the biggest city in the USA. Central Park was created. 1524 1626 1789-90 1820 1858

24. 1. Why do you think early settlers chose New York as a place for a new city? 2. What were native Americans angry about? New York is located on the coast, at a place where several rivers flow into the ocean. This makes New York a good place to build a city because ships can reach it and the rivers connect the city with the inland. Native American are angry about the unfair treatment they received in the past. Or the unfair business deal (buying Manhattan for $24) Listen to part 1 again and answer the following questions

25. 1. Why do you think Ellis Island was turned into a museum? A. The buildings were not needed for new arrivals. B. There is a lot of history connected with people settling in the USA. C. Officials stopped working at Ellis Island. D. It was close to New York. 2. Why do you think Ellis Island was called the “Island of Tears”? A. People were unhappy when their names were changed. B. Officials treated the people passing through the island badly. C. Some people cried when they were refused entry into the USA. D. People were afraid of taking mental and physical tests. Listen to part 2 and choose the best answers for the questions below.

26. Unit 16 The American South

27. American American South South slavery black slaves Civil War Racial segregation Martin Luther King Jr. civil rights movement What do you think of when you see the title?

28. 1. The Great Depression Depression 2. The Arrival of European settlers European settlers 3. The Civil Rights Movements 4. The Arrival of Movements 4. The Arrival of Native Americans Native Americans 5. The American Civil War Civil War A. 30,000 years ago B. 1600 C. 1861 D. 1930s E. 1960s Five Events in American History English Pilgrim colonists sailed to America on the Mayflower in 1620.

29. 1. The Great Depression Depression 2. The Arrival of European settlers European settlers 3. The Civil Rights Movements 4. The Arrival of Movements 4. The Arrival of Native Americans Native Americans 5. The American Civil War Civil War A. 30,000 years ago B. 1600 C. 1861 D. 1930s E. 1960s Five Events in American History

30. When Why Who Result Civil war 1861- 1865 Slavery The south and north The south failed

31. Atlanta, Georgia First Gold Rush $36 million

32. Read the passage and try to find out how many parts we can divide it into and what the main idea is for each part? Parts Paragraphs Main ideas Part One Para 1 Part Two Para 2~5 Part Three Para 6 The sufferings of the South in the past Hope and success of the South A new beginning of the South

33. Sufferings Unemployment& civil unrest Many sacrifices Pains of slaves Native American’s being killed or driven off their land Death & poverty 1. Topic sentence: _________________________________ The history of the South is one of suffering. 2. What sufferings did the South experience in the past? What were the causes? Causes European settlers Slave trade Civil War Civil War and Great Depression Civil Rights Movement Part One Para 1

34. FieldsDifficultyResults The cityBurnt down Only__years to be rebuilt Society (civil rights) ___________ took away many of the blacks’ rights. There were _____ fights between blacks & whites. ________was shot to death. _________________________ grew. _______________ become successful. _____________ eventually disappeared. It is a __________ city proud of its _________________ Economy$_____A________ business center Home of ____________ Sports &culture In 1996_______________ A culture of ____________ 5 Segregation fierce booming largest companies host Olympic Games diversity Segregation Dr King 1.64 African-American community Black businesses successful cultural diversity Atlanta’s rebuilding / Reconstruction In today’s Atlanta, _____ and _____have replaced _____ and ____. hopefaith feardoubt

35. a.Some southern cities are becoming financial & culture centers of the US b.The new major of Atlanta had only $1.64 to rebuild the city in 1864 c.Dr.King was shot in 1968 d.People marched through Atlanta in honour of Dr.King e.In 1996, Atlanta hosted the Olympic Games Match the true statements with the examples ( ) 1. The fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s were fierce. ( ) 2. The fight against segregation was widely supported. ( ) 3. The South has taken a chance to display its new image to the whole world. ( ) 4. The story of the South is also about hope and success. ( ) 5. The south began to rebuild from nothing. c d e a b

36. Atlanta is representative of both the old south and the new south: Like many of its sister cities---(para. 2); Like many other southern cities, A is representative of ---(para. 5) (It is a typical southern city in many ways both in the past and now.) Why has the writer chosen Atlanta to tell the story of the American South?

37. How is the south like today? Part Three Para 6 Friendly atmosphere the commercial and cultural centers Can you use one sentence to describe the old and the New American South respectively? The old American South was a place of suffering and hardship. The new American South is hopeful, successful and developed place.

38. 1. In the last paragraph, the writer tries to support the point that ____. A. the story of the South is about hope and success B. it is hard for the South to develop further C. Atlanta, Birmingham, Miami and Little Rock are Southern cities which develop very fast D. there is no trouble with the development of the South 2. The whole passage is mainly about ____. A. the sufferings in the history of the South B. the quick development of the South after the Civil War C. the Civil Rights Movement of the black people D. the famous cities of the South 3. The phrase “in vain” in Paragraph 4 probably means ____. A. without success B. in trouble C. put into practice D. dangerous

39. 1. Why is Atlantic in many ways a typical southern city? 2. What do you think of the people of Atlanta during the reconstruction? Why? 3. What contributions did Martin Luther King make to Atlanta? 4. Why could Atlanta be chosen to host the 26th Olympic Games? 5. What do you think the author’s attitude is towards the development of Atlanta? 6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of living with people who are different from you?

40. 1. Why is Atlantic in many ways a typical southern city? It experienced the hardship of slavery, the Civil War, the post-war years and the Great Depression.

41. 2. What do you think of the people of Atlanta during the reconstruction? Why? They are brave, hardworking, confident and determined. They are in spite of the lack of money. They never give up. Both the officials and citizens devote themselves to the reconstruction. Answer the following question

42. 3. What contributions did Martin Luther King make to Atlanta? Not in vain Segregation disappear A successful city Cultural diversity

43. 4. Why could Atlanta be chosen to host the 26th Olympic Games? Representative of the new south. Hope and faith have replaced fear and doubt. A booming business center. The home of … companies in America. Known for its friendly atmosphere. Displayed its new image to the world.

44. 5. What do you think the author’s attitude is towards the development of Atlanta? speak highly of it praise full of hope excited amazed Answer the following question

45. 6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of living with people who are different from you?

46. “melting pot”? People with different background have different ideas and knowledge,which makes the population more creative. It is good for people to learn about other cultures. Life is more interesting if people are different.… People from different cultures may misunderstand each other. People from different cultures may treat each other badly. Life can be more difficult if people are different.… Advantages & Disadvantages ? 6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of living with people who are different from you?

47. The Bison on the Plains of America

48. 1. What is the bison? What is it like? 2. How did the Native Americans make use of the animal? 3. How did the white settlers make use of the animal? What was the result of that? What other results did it in turn lead to? Read the passage and answer the questions below:

49. What is the bison? bison The bison, also called buffalo, is a type of wild animals which used to exist in huge numbers on the plains of America. It grows to a shoulder-height of 1.5 meters and can weigh 1,000kg.

50. Body Parts Native Americans European settlers Meat Skins Fur Bones Teeth for food for tents and water containers for warm clothes for tools for necklaces Result? sold to make money Compare how the bison were used by Native Americans and European settlers: for food

51. 60,000,000 Between 1850 and 1910, in a short 60 years, it is thought that the bison population fell from 60 million to just a few hundred. x00 sharp decrease result?

52. settlers ______ bison Fewer ______ No _________ falls on the grass _________ stop eating the grass shoots Fewer _____, fewer prairie dogs The ____ becomes poorer. The ______ grows less well Fewer _____ Fewer plants kill bison waste soil The bison birds grass insectswolves Change in the wildlife chain of the plains:

53. 1.( ) The first settlers on the plains were farmers. 2.( ) Native Americans willingly gave up land to the settlers. 3.( ) The settlers did not deal honestly with the Native Americans. 4.( ) Settlers ended up with better land than the Native Americans. 5.( ) Later settlers made use of the bison in the same way as Native Americans. F F F Native Americans from Asia were forced to give up made worse use of the bison than

54. writing writing CategoryChinaUSA Area9.6 millionkm² 9.4 millionkm² Population 1.3 billion 0.28 billion History 5000y 300y Languages Chinese, Mongolian, etc English, Spanish Minority groups Huis, Miao, Tibetans, etc Blacks, Jews, Chinese, Native Americans Cities Washington DC, New York, etc Beijing, Shanghai,etc Role in the world important

55. Notes: 1. 分段 1) opening and introduction 2) similarities 3) differences 4) closing 2. Useful expressions and sentences: be similar to; be different from; differences between A and B; while; on the contrary; on the other hand; in contrast (with/to); compared with; like/unlike; similarly; don’t hesitate to ask if you ---; I would be more than glad to help/tell--- Useful expressions for describing countries and areas have a history of; a country with a history of have a population of; a country with a population of have/cover an area of; be --- in area; a country with an area of; about the same size ethnic/minority groups; 56 nationalities say/namely/that is

56. Dear …, Thank you for your e-mail. I am pleased to hear that you are interested in China and it’s my honor to tell you something about my country. China and the USA are both large countries, which are playing an important role on the world stage. Some things about them are similar, while other things are different. China has a long history of about 5,000 years while the USA is quite a young country with a history of about 300 years. China and America are about the same size, but China is a little larger with an area of 9.6 million km². However, the population of China is many times larger. It has a population of nearly 1.3 billion but the USA has only about 283 million. Many different languages are spoken in China, say, Chinese, Mongolian, Tibetan, etc. In America, the main languages are Sample writing:

57. English and Spanish. Both countries have huge numbers of minority groups. For example, in China there are 56 nationalities. The USA has a large black population, and there are also Jews, Chinese, native Americans and so on. Two of the most important cities in America are on the East Coast. They are New York, the largest city in the USA and Washington DC, the capital. Los Angeles is the largest and most famous one the West Coast. In China there are many cities with large populations. Among the best known are Beijing, the capital,Tianjin and Shanghai, the largest one in China. I hope this will help you. If you want to know more, don’t hesitate to ask. Yours, …