1. Strategic Site Selection at the Landscape Level Michael McCollum, McCollum Associates and Deborah Mead, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

2. Session Overview USFWS Strategy and Available Tools USFWS Strategy and Available Tools NMFS Strategy and Available Tools NMFS Strategy and Available Tools Practical Approach Practical Approach Examples Examples Discussion – Other Plans and Planning Tools Discussion – Other Plans and Planning Tools Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

3. Strategic Habitat Conservation SHC is the USFWS framework for landscape conservation; encourages a comprehensive view SHC is the USFWS framework for landscape conservation; encourages a comprehensive view Adaptive resource management framework for making management decisions about where and how to deliver conservation efficiently to achieve specific biological outcomes Adaptive resource management framework for making management decisions about where and how to deliver conservation efficiently to achieve specific biological outcomes Encompasses all USFWS programs and addresses both habitat and non-habitat factors limiting species populations Encompasses all USFWS programs and addresses both habitat and non-habitat factors limiting species populations Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

4. Strategic Habitat Conservation Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011 Outcome-based Monitoring Biological Planning Conservation Design Assumption-based Research Conservation Delivery Planning Implementation Evaluation

5. Climate Change – DOI Secretarial Order No. 3289 Issued September 14, 2009, includes the following: Issued September 14, 2009, includes the following: “A network of Landscape Conservation Cooperatives will engage DOI and federal agencies, states, tribal and local governments and the public to craft practical, landscape-level strategies for managing climate change impacts…” Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

6. Landscape Conservation Cooperatives The Right Science – in the Right Places LCCs are management-science partnerships that inform integrated resource management actions addressing climate change and other stressors within and across landscapes. LCCs are management-science partnerships that inform integrated resource management actions addressing climate change and other stressors within and across landscapes. LCCs are geographically based cooperatives in which DOI bureaus will work with other agencies and outside partners to expand the understanding of climate change and how it is interfacing with other forces to alter natural and cultural resources and to facilitate strategic responses. LCCs are geographically based cooperatives in which DOI bureaus will work with other agencies and outside partners to expand the understanding of climate change and how it is interfacing with other forces to alter natural and cultural resources and to facilitate strategic responses. Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

7. SHC and LCCs Conservation Banking Training Course * July 19-23, 2010

8. Consideration of Climate Change Considering climate change in conservation planning and management at a landscape scale is crucial for effective site-scale conservation Considering climate change in conservation planning and management at a landscape scale is crucial for effective site-scale conservation Need to apply the best available scientific information and tools to address: Need to apply the best available scientific information and tools to address: Spatial and temporal variability Spatial and temporal variability Complexity (e.g., multiple stressors) Complexity (e.g., multiple stressors) Uncertainty Uncertainty Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

9. Climate Change Considerations Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011 Global Climate Change Impacts in the US (Karl et al 2009)

10. Climate Change Considerations Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011 Global Climate Change Impacts in the US (Karl et al 2009

11. Example: San Joaquin Kit Fox Conservation Banking Training Course * July 19-23, 2010

12. Landscape Conservation Cooperatives Why this approach? Why this approach? 21st Century challenges demand new capacities to better understand what is happening and likely to happen across large scales 21st Century challenges demand new capacities to better understand what is happening and likely to happen across large scales No single agency has the capacity to do this alone; interdependence is more crucial than ever No single agency has the capacity to do this alone; interdependence is more crucial than ever LCCs will inform resource management decisions to address landscape-scale stressors including habitat fragmentation, genetic isolation, spread of invasive species, water scarcity— all of which are magnified by accelerating climate change LCCs will inform resource management decisions to address landscape-scale stressors including habitat fragmentation, genetic isolation, spread of invasive species, water scarcity— all of which are magnified by accelerating climate change LCC resources and products will be shared LCC resources and products will be shared Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

13. How many LCCs, where, and when? How many? 21 How many? 21 Boundaries based on combination of Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) and watersheds Boundaries based on combination of Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) and watersheds Where? Where? Proposed for the entire U.S. and parts of Canada and Mexico Proposed for the entire U.S. and parts of Canada and Mexico When? When? Now! 9 in Fiscal Year 2010; others to follow in Fiscal Year 2011+ Now! 9 in Fiscal Year 2010; others to follow in Fiscal Year 2011+ Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

14. Landscape Conservation Cooperatives Conservation Banking Training Course * July 19-23, 2010

15. LCCs Link to Climate Service Centers LCCs link to USGS Climate Service Centers (CSCs) LCCs link to USGS Climate Service Centers (CSCs) 8 CSCs to include Alaska, Hawaii and the Caribbean 8 CSCs to include Alaska, Hawaii and the Caribbean FY2010 in AK, NW, and the SE FY2010 in AK, NW, and the SE FY2011 in SW and North Central regions FY2011 in SW and North Central regions CSCs will deliver basic climate change impact science products that LCCs and others can all use, including multi-scale modeling and ecological forecasting. CSCs will deliver basic climate change impact science products that LCCs and others can all use, including multi-scale modeling and ecological forecasting. Downscaled climate models and derivative products Downscaled climate models and derivative products Land use change scenarios Land use change scenarios Watershed modeling Watershed modeling Sea-level rise visualization tool + science to support tool Sea-level rise visualization tool + science to support tool Habitat and occupancy models for fish and wildlife Habitat and occupancy models for fish and wildlife Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

16. LCCs Links to State Wildlife Action Plans Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) Guidance on Incorporating Climate Change into State Wildlife Action Plans Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) Guidance on Incorporating Climate Change into State Wildlife Action Plans LCCs offer opportunity for states and partners to develop regional adaptation strategies that can be included in state plans LCCs offer opportunity for states and partners to develop regional adaptation strategies that can be included in state plans Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

17. Strategic Conservation Planning and Conservation Banking Look at existing plans first: Look at existing plans first: State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) Habitat Conservation Plans (HCPs) Habitat Conservation Plans (HCPs) Green Infrastructure Plans Green Infrastructure Plans Recovery Plans Recovery Plans Special Area Management Plans (SAMPs) Special Area Management Plans (SAMPs) Add to this list... Add to this list... Use the LCCs (expertise, science products, etc.) Use the LCCs (expertise, science products, etc.) Then ask, “where and how can conservation banking and other market-based programs contribute to these conservation strategies?” Then ask, “where and how can conservation banking and other market-based programs contribute to these conservation strategies?” Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

18. The Big Picture A landowner says he wants you to approve a conservation bank on his land. Does it make sense? Will it help achieve your agency’s mission, or detract from it? Where do you start? First, recognize that a conservation bank is simply a financial tool to conserve privately held habitat that will add value to a larger habitat conservation plan. Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

19. With that in mind, take a look at what is happening on the land now, and what is planned in the area for the future. Before looking at a potential bank property, develop a list of questions to consider when analyzing the viability of a bank. Every property is different, so use these questions as a guideline, not a make or break analysis. Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

20. Check the Checklist Is the proposed parcel big enough to function as habitat on its own, even if nothing further is conserved? Is the proposed parcel big enough to function as habitat on its own, even if nothing further is conserved? If not, is the property adjacent to existing preserved habitat? If not, is the property adjacent to existing preserved habitat? If not, and alternative properties are rare, will it support the target species as part of an archipelago of preserved land? If not, and alternative properties are rare, will it support the target species as part of an archipelago of preserved land? Are existing and future uses of surrounding land compatible with a bank? Are existing and future uses of surrounding land compatible with a bank? Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

21. Can the property be adequately managed? Can the property be adequately managed? Are there opportunities to partner with other public agencies to assemble a larger parcel? Are there opportunities to partner with other public agencies to assemble a larger parcel? Does the proposed service area make sense? Does the proposed service area make sense? Does the bank have, or does it expect to have, habitat that will be needed as mitigation habitat within the likely service area? Does the bank have, or does it expect to have, habitat that will be needed as mitigation habitat within the likely service area? This last question is interesting. Who should make decisions such as this? Should the regulator be concerned about the bank’s financial viability, or just the landowner? What other issues are only the landowner’s prerogative, and what are, legitimately, the government’s? Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

22. The Nitty-Gritty Work with the local land use agencies to help determine where you want banks to develop. The best scenario is working in an area that is part of a regional planning effort. The following slides are an example of formal landscape level planning, but many points can be applied in the context of informal planning. Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

23. North San Diego County MSCP Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-19, 2011

24. North San Diego County Multiple Species Habitat Plan Whelan Ranch Conservation Bank Cities of: Oceanside Carlsbad Vista San Marcos Encinitas Solana Beach Escondido

25. Whelan Ranch Conservation Bank Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

26. Core Areas & Linkages Carlsbad Highlands Conservation Bank Carlsbad Oaks Conservation Bank North County Habitat Bank Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

28. Carlsbad Oaks – Carlsbad Highlands Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

29. Carlsbad Highlands Conservation Bank Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

30. Austin Creek Conservation Bank NMFS Coho Salmon and Central California Coast Steelhead Fish Bank Austin Creek State Recreation Area Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011

31. Example of a Potential Salmon Creek (Before Restoration) Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-19, 2011

32. Pools Are Established (After Restoration) Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-19, 2011

33. Bank Service Area

34. Conservation Banking Training Course * May 16-20, 2011 Conservation banks present opportunities to be partners with landowners. The more they realize a profit, the better you can achieve your mission.