1. Copyrights1 By Saud Al-Harbi & AbdulAziz Al-Shamrani

2. Copyrights 2 outline Intellectual property (IP) Types of (IP) Copyrights Digital rights management Software protection File sharing bittorrent mp3

3. Copyrights 3 Introduction Intellectual property (IP) is an umbrella term for various legal entitlements which attach to certain names, written and recorded media, and inventions. The holders of these legal entitlements are generally entitled to exercise various exclusive rights in relation to the subject matter of the IP

4. Copyrights 4 Types of Intellectual property Copyright patent trademark industrial design right trade secret

5. Copyrights 5 Copyright (C) Copyright is a set of exclusive rights regulating the use of a particular expression of an idea or information. At its most general, it is literally "the right to copy" an original creation. In most cases, these rights are of limited duration. The symbol for copyright is ©, and in some jurisdictions may alternatively be written as either (c) or (C).

6. Copyrights 6 Digital Right Management (DRM) Digital Rights Management (DRM) is an umbrella term that refers to any of several technologies used by publishers or copyright owners to control access to and usage of digital data or hardware, and to restrictions associated with a specific instance of a digital work or device

7. Copyrights 7 SOFTWARE PROTECTION Two Examples Product activation Restricts a product's functionality until it is registered with a publisher by means of a special identification code Digital watermarking Allows hidden data, such as a unique disc ID, to be placed on the media ….. -this way it can be traceable

8. Copyrights 8 FILE SHARING File sharing is the practice of making files available for other users to download over the Internet and smaller networks. Usually file sharing follows the peer-to-peer (P2P) model

9. Copyrights 9 Bittorrent BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer (P2P) communications protocol for file sharing

10. Copyrights 10 MP3 Popularity of mp3 files came aside with two programs: Winamp: Nullsoft's audio player Napster: Unix audio player mpg123 and the peer-to-peer file sharing network These programs made it simple for average users to play back, create, share and collect MP3s The small size of MP3 files has enabled widespread peer- to-peer file sharing of music which would previously have been impossible

11. Copyrights 11 Conclusion The major record companies, who argue that such free sharing of music reduces sales, reacted to this by pursuing law-suits against Napster, which was eventually closed down, and eventually against individual users who engaged in file sharing. The other illegal downloads are also dealt with by DRM It is unethical to brake the laws of copyrights Other peoples work Companies losing money Practically stealing