1. N. Voumard, AB-BT-EC LBDS Audit, CERN 2008 1 LBDS Trigger Signal Distribution Trigger Synchronization Unit (TSU) Trigger Fan Out (TFO) Power Trigger Unit (PTU) Alain Antoine Jean-Louis Bretin Etienne Carlier Nicolas Voumard

2. 2N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 Overview of the LBDS triggering system The triggering system of the LBDS is cross-redundant Each Trigger Fan Out (TFO) is connected to the two Trigger Synchronization Unit (TSU) Each Trigger Fan Out (TFO) is connected to the two Trigger Synchronization Unit (TSU) Each of the Power Trigger Unit (PTU) is connected to the two TFO. Each of the Power Trigger Unit (PTU) is connected to the two TFO. There are two PTU pro extraction kicker and one pro dilution kicker. There are two PTU pro extraction kicker and one pro dilution kicker.

3. 3N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 Power Trigger Unit (PTU) The PTU inputs The PTU is composed of two Power trigger Modules (PTM) in parallel, (the trigger reception circuit is shown below) The PTU is composed of two Power trigger Modules (PTM) in parallel, (the trigger reception circuit is shown below) Two trigger inputs from Trigger Fan Out Two trigger inputs from Trigger Fan Out One soft trigger input from PLC via the Power Trigger Controller card (PTC). One soft trigger input from PLC via the Power Trigger Controller card (PTC). Two retrigger inputs via the retrigger line. Two retrigger inputs via the retrigger line. All five inputs are 15V, 50 Ohms terminated All five inputs are 15V, 50 Ohms terminated The high voltage part of the PTU will not be covered here MKD generator trigger input

4. 4N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 Power Trigger Unit (PTU) The delays between the Trigger Fan Out and the generators are adjusted: With delay lines in the Trigger Fan Out (differences between TFO outputs). With delay lines in the Trigger Fan Out (differences between TFO outputs). With the cable length (time of flight between magnets). With the cable length (time of flight between magnets). With delay lines in the generators before the PTU using the Trigger Pulse Delay card shown below (differences between generators switching time). With delay lines in the generators before the PTU using the Trigger Pulse Delay card shown below (differences between generators switching time). Trigger Pulse Delay (TPD) card

5. 5N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 Trigger Fan Out The Trigger Fan Out (TFO) crate is divided in three different parts The receiver part ; the Trigger Fan Out Receiver (TFOR) The receiver part ; the Trigger Fan Out Receiver (TFOR) 1 card in crate Receives two pulses from the Trigger Synchronization Unit Distributes these two pulses to the Trigger Fan Out Transceivers The emitter part ; the Trigger Fan Out Transceiver (TFOT) The emitter part ; the Trigger Fan Out Transceiver (TFOT) 6 cards in crate Receives two pulses from the TFOR and sends it to eight outputs The power supply The power supply

6. 6N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 Trigger Fan Out The power supply is A single bivolt 8TE +/-15V power supply (PK60 model) A single bivolt 8TE +/-15V power supply (PK60 model) A 400 mA delayed fuse A 400 mA delayed fuse The two TFO are supplied with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS).. The lost of power supply will not issue pulses on the outputs But a trigger can be issued about 200 ms after mains lost.

7. 7N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 The TFOR Input circuit There are two input circuits as shown below. There are two input circuits as shown below. The input circuit is 50Ohms terminated and protected with clamping diodes The input circuit is 50Ohms terminated and protected with clamping diodes A Schmitt trigger prevents the input against glitches (~7.5V) A Schmitt trigger prevents the input against glitches (~7.5V) Input connectors are of the SMA type Input connectors are of the SMA type Four general purpose outputs are available Four general purpose outputs are available

8. 8N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 The TFOR Output circuit (backplane distribution of the input signals) There is two circuits as shown below (corresponds to the two input signals) There is two circuits as shown below (corresponds to the two input signals) The two input signals are transmitted independently on the backplane. The two input signals are transmitted independently on the backplane. A monostable multivibrator HEF-4538 can be used to adjust the pulse width of the pulse from 1 to 5 us (can be bypassed with jumpers). A monostable multivibrator HEF-4538 can be used to adjust the pulse width of the pulse from 1 to 5 us (can be bypassed with jumpers). A second monostable is with a time constant of 50ms is used to flash a LED on the front panel for monitoring. A second monostable is with a time constant of 50ms is used to flash a LED on the front panel for monitoring.

9. 9N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 The TFOT Input circuit (backplane distribution of the input signals from TFOR) The two signals are ORed with a HEF4071 The two signals are ORed with a HEF4071 The resulting signal is buffered with a MAX4427 The resulting signal is buffered with a MAX4427 Inputs are protected with clamping diodes Inputs are protected with clamping diodes The backplane circuit cabling from the TFOR card to the TFOT cards is in “star” The cable length from the TFOR card to all the TFOT cards is the same to ensure the same delay to all the cards. The cable length from the TFOR card to all the TFOT cards is the same to ensure the same delay to all the cards.

10. 10N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 The TFOT Output circuit A blocking oscillator type switch is used to drive a transformer A blocking oscillator type switch is used to drive a transformer The charge needed to drive the two outputs is stored into a 1uF capacitor A 1kOhms resistor limits the current from the power supply The switch used to drive the transformer is a MAX4429 (6A high speed MOSFET driver) The two secondary of the transformer The two secondary of the transformer Is totally floating or can be referenced to card ground with a jumper. Has a free wheel diode circuit. Has a delay line to adjust the delay caused by the tolerance of the transformer (mainly). The pulse is monitored, on a front panel LED for 50 ms. The pulse is monitored, on a front panel LED for 50 ms.

11. 11N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 Trigger Fan Out Adjustment of the output delays Each of the 48 outputs of all the TFO crates have been measured and the delay between input and output are compensated with delay lines. Each of the 48 outputs of all the TFO crates have been measured and the delay between input and output are compensated with delay lines. The nominal delay caused by the TFO is 161ns (+/- 3ns). The nominal delay caused by the TFO is 161ns (+/- 3ns). The tolerance of the series of delay lines received is sometimes stable and sometimes not. They have been measured separately to classify them. The tolerance of the series of delay lines received is sometimes stable and sometimes not. They have been measured separately to classify them. Delay lines used are Rhombus Industries SL7TR type, SIP-7 footprint.

12. 12N. Voumard, AB-BT-ECLBDS Audit, CERN 2008 Trigger Fan Out Other clients connected on the TFO FAAS (fast analog acquisition system) BTV (beam television), position of the beam in the extraction lines BETS software triggering BETS inhibition Acquisition of the UTC dump trigger time