1. Tsunami Warning System MIDN 1/C Carlin Song ES402 Systems Engineering Design 19 February 2008

2. Tsunami Phenomenon  large-scale, short-duration vertical displacement of water column.  generated by subduction earthquakes  principal source regions are earthquake zones in the Pacific Ocean

3. Life of a Tsunami Wave  Generation  Amplification  Run-up

4. Wave Motion & Dynamic Pressure  wave motion creates dynamic pressure which is measurable up to the wave base (L/2)  Shallow water wave characteristics of tsunami wave allows detection of dynamic pressure in deep ocean

5. Sensor Selection and Calibration Pressure range: Experiment (0 – 1.3 psi) Sensor (0 – 13 psi) Sensor  MCP 601  Rabbit V out =-10+0.0049N

6. Experimental Set-up Buffer Op-Amp

7. ZigBee Network Set-up  Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)  Meshing capability  Low cost  Low power requirement  Secure networking

8. Concept of Data Analysis (T = 5s)

9. Pressure = P static + P dynamic

10. Concept of Data Analysis (T = 5s)  Subtract static pressure from readings using application curve data  Significant range of dynamic pressure

11. Decision Parameter  Existence of dynamic pressure  Amplitude range for dynamic pressure  Existence of low freq, high amplitude signal  Abnormal spike in voltage readings

12. Communications Infrastructure  3 in 4 tsunami alarms are false  Evacuation for false cases causes complacency  Reliable and timely communications system  Current efforts

13. Online Data Transmission  Dynamic C program Digitize buffered output voltage from sensor suite using Rabbit ADC Records time corresponding to voltage data collection Arranges voltage and time data as an ASCII string Output ASCII string to Serial Port B Zigbee attached to Serial Port B for wireless transmission

14. Data Collection and Analysis  Data collection criteria Maximize time resolution in order to best detail wave  MATLAB code Open ASCII string received at remote laptop via wireless transmission Change digital voltage data to analog values Perform data analysis to find dynamic pressure of passing wave Determine if recorded dynamic pressure is above threshold pressure

15. Tsunami Warning System